Core Viewpoint - Goldman Sachs predicts that the S&P 500 will achieve an average annual gain of only 6.5% over the next decade, a significant decrease from the historical average of around 10% [2] Valuation Concerns - U.S. stocks are currently considered expensive, with the S&P 500's trailing price-to-earnings ratio near a multiyear high of 23 [4] - The valuation issue is exacerbated by a few large companies in the AI sector, which may lead to a broader market correction, potentially reducing market progress by about 1% per year through 2035 [5] Interest Rates Impact - The widening of the S&P 500's profit margins since 1990 has been largely due to falling interest rates and corporate tax rates, neither of which are expected to decline significantly in the next decade [6] Strategic Adjustments - Investors are encouraged to diversify their portfolios by considering stocks outside the current market favorites [7] - International markets, particularly in Japan and Asia, are projected to perform better, with average market growth outlooks of 8.2% and 10.3% respectively, and emerging markets expected to yield 10.9% annualized returns through 2035 [8] Spotlight on Foreign Stocks - Companies like Alibaba and MercadoLibre are highlighted as potential investment opportunities, with Alibaba focusing on AI for growth and MercadoLibre benefiting from the rise of web-connected smartphones in South America [9] Currency Dynamics - Both Alibaba and MercadoLibre's American depositary receipts are denominated in U.S. dollars, which may provide an additional 2 percentage points of net growth annually as the dollar is considered overvalued [11] Importance of Dividends - Dividends are expected to play a crucial role in total returns across all regions, benefiting dividend-focused companies like Coca-Cola and pharmaceutical firms such as Pfizer and Merck [12][13] Market Adaptation - Investors are advised to adapt their strategies in response to changing market conditions, including interest rates, government debt, and competitive dynamics introduced by AI [15]