Perception and Reality - Human experience is largely illusory, with perception rarely perfectly matching physical reality [1] - Illusions are not necessarily errors but may aid in processing complex sensory information [1] - The brain constructs experiences from small snapshots of reality, filling in gaps and imposing order [1][2] Visual Illusions - Visual illusions demonstrate how context and contrast influence perception of brightness, color, and shape [1] - The visual system is the most complex sensory system and has the most illusions [1] - Even with knowledge of the true reality, visual illusions can persist due to hardwiring in the brain [1] Cognitive Illusions and Decision Making - Cognitive illusions affect thinking, decision-making, and memory [1] - People often rationalize choices post-hoc, even when those choices were manipulated, demonstrating a disconnect between action and perceived reason [2] - Individuals may interpret their own behavior from a third-person perspective, guessing the reasons for their actions [2] Adaptive Nature of Illusions - Illusions can be beneficial, aiding in quicker and more effective reactions to the environment [2] - Idealization in romantic relationships and unrealistic optimism in mental health are examples of helpful illusions [2] - Illusions influence estimations of distance and perception of others' strength, demonstrating adaptive evolutionary advantages [2][3]