Look, importantly, uh, markets rely on the independence of the Fed and the Fed's commitment to achieving its congressionally mandated goals of price stability and maximum employment in uh, assessing the soundness of the US economy and their security in terms of um, returns they can expect investing in the United States. And when a president threatens to remove a chair unless he radically lowers interest rates with the stated purpose um of helping the government finance its borrowing um not the congressional ...

presidents come to know um people uh who serve in their administration and gain confidence in their judgment. What's really important though is when an individual is wearing the hat of FedShare that um they have the capacity and willingness to make fact-based judgments and um to pursue the goals that are congressionally mandated, namely price stability and maximum employment. That becomes their job.And um they have I believe um whether it was myself or Bernani or Greenspan, I think all of us were able to es ...

I just read a piece uh from uh from the op-ed that you wrote uh with Ben Bernanki. Yes. And then I followed up by saying that we had talked to Scott Besson and we had asked a similar question of of actually Elizabeth Warren recently which is if in fact Jay Powell were to be fired, ousted or otherwise pushed out, what would the market's reaction actually be.Well, I think we got a taste of that um when President Trump announced that he had shown a letter to Republicans uh that would call for Chair Powell's ou ...

I just read a piece uh from uh from the op-ed that you wrote uh with Ben Bernanki. Yes. And then I followed up by saying that we had talked to Scott Bessant and we had asked a similar question of of actually Elizabeth Warren recently which is if in fact Jay Powell were to be fired, ousted or otherwise pushed out, what would the market's reaction actually be.Well, I think we got a taste of that um when President Trump announced that he had shown a letter to Republicans uh that would call for Chair Powell's o ...

how we're going to look back on 2025. Yeah. How will historians look back on this year.Is it pivotal. Uh it's clearly an important it's an important year. There's uh there's a lot going on, you know, with trade and uh I think I'm hopeful that we'll look back on it as a as a year that where we sign signific successfully challenged some significant economic changes and you know our job is to make sure that that is the case.you you get attacked by by the president a lot on a personal basis. Does it make your j ...

Monetary Policy Goals - The Fed aims to achieve price stability, maximum employment, and financial stability [1] - The primary concern is whether the current path will lead to achieving these goals [1] Leadership Transition - The current chair has a little more than 10 months left in their term [1] - The goal is to hand over a healthy economy to the successor [1] Future Plans - No information is available regarding the chair's plans after the term expires [1]

The Federal Reserve remains squarely focused on achieving our dual mandate goals of maximum employment and stable prices for the benefit of the American people. Despite elevated uncertainty, the economy is in a solid position. The unemployment rate remains low and the labor market is at or near maximum employment.Inflation has come down a great deal but has been running somewhat above our 2% longer run objective. We are attentive to the risks on both sides of our dual mandate. I will review the current econ ...

Monetary Policy Review - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) discussed the review of its monetary policy framework, focusing on labor market dynamics and the goal of maximum employment, acknowledging the difficulty in measuring maximum employment due to nonmonetary factors [3][4][5] - Participants supported the current description of maximum employment as a broad and inclusive goal, emphasizing the importance of monitoring a wide range of labor market indicators [4][6] Financial Market Developments - Treasury yields declined, equity prices fell, and credit spreads widened, reflecting increased perceived risks in the U.S. economic outlook due to weaker-than-expected consumer spending and trade policy uncertainties [7][8] - The implied average federal funds rate path shifted lower for horizons beyond mid-2025, with higher probabilities assigned to lower GDP growth and higher inflation outcomes compared to previous surveys [8][9] Economic Situation - Real GDP was expanding at a solid pace, with the unemployment rate stabilizing at 4.1% in February, while consumer price inflation was estimated at 2.5% [17][18][19] - Labor market conditions remained solid, with average monthly gains in nonfarm payrolls lower than the previous year, and the ratio of job vacancies to unemployed workers was 1.1 in February [19][20] Inflation Outlook - Inflation remained somewhat elevated, with core PCE price inflation estimated at 2.8% in February, and participants noted that inflation data in early 2025 were higher than expected [18][39] - Participants expressed concerns that inflation could be boosted by higher tariffs, with significant uncertainty surrounding the magnitude and persistence of these effects [40][41] Monetary Policy Actions - The FOMC decided to maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 4¼ to 4½ percent, with a majority agreeing to slow the pace of securities holdings reduction [52][57] - The monthly redemption cap on Treasury securities was reduced from $25 billion to $5 billion, while the cap on agency debt and mortgage-backed securities remained at $35 billion [52][57] Economic Projections - Staff projections indicated weaker real GDP growth than previously expected, with the unemployment rate forecast to edge up but remain close to its natural rate [33][34] - The staff's inflation projection was slightly higher for 2025, reflecting higher-than-expected incoming data, with inflation expected to decline to 2% by 2027 [34][35]