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无症状不用治?用偏方能“药到病除”?专家澄清乙肝防治误区
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-07-27 01:12
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of early screening and treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection to reduce the incidence of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer in China, highlighting the need for public awareness and family involvement in prevention efforts [1][2][3]. Summary by Sections Achievements in Hepatitis B Control - Over the past 30 years, China has made significant progress in controlling viral hepatitis, particularly chronic HBV infection, with the hepatitis B surface antigen positivity rate decreasing from 9.72% in 1992 to 5.86% in 2020, a reduction of over 39% [2]. Risks of Untreated Chronic HBV - Chronic HBV infection is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, with annual incidence rates of 2%-10% for cirrhosis and 3%-6% for liver cancer among untreated patients [2]. - The primary age group affected by chronic HBV infection is between 35 and 55 years, which is critical for family and societal support [2]. Misconceptions About Treatment - There are common misconceptions among the public regarding the necessity of treatment for asymptomatic patients, with a strong emphasis on the need for early antiviral therapy to suppress HBV replication and prevent disease progression [2][3]. - Psychological burdens and stigma associated with HBV infection hinder patients from seeking treatment, with 74% of infected individuals fearing transmission to family members [2]. Recommendations for Prevention and Treatment - It is recommended that adults undergo at least one HBV screening in their lifetime, and those over 30 or with a family history of liver disease should receive antiviral treatment as needed [3][4]. - Family involvement in HBV screening and treatment is crucial for early detection and support, which can help prevent disease progression and improve quality of life [3]. Treatment Accessibility and Innovations - Approximately 95% of chronic HBV infected individuals should be receiving treatment according to current antiviral guidelines, with many effective and safe medications now included in health insurance plans, improving accessibility and affordability [4].