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化工新材料“元素周期表”:15大核心门类全景扫描|史上最全工业级终极清单
材料汇· 2025-08-18 16:01
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of chemical new materials as a core engine of strategic emerging industries, highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of the complex landscape of these materials to identify key materials and disruptive forces that drive industrial transformation [2][3]. Group 1: Overview of Chemical New Materials - The article introduces a comprehensive "Periodic Table of Chemical New Materials," categorizing them into 15 core categories, aiming to cover all significant materials that are currently in large-scale production, technologically mature, rapidly growing, and have clear industrialization paths [2][3]. - It aims to provide a clear classification framework that adheres to industry consensus and the intrinsic properties of materials, offering precise sub-category divisions and concise definitions [3]. Group 2: High-Performance Polymers and Composites - High-performance polymers are defined as synthetic polymer materials that exceed general plastics in heat resistance, mechanical strength, chemical resistance, dimensional stability, or special functions, often used as matrices or reinforcements in composite materials [5]. - The article lists various types of high-performance polymers, including specialty engineering plastics, high-performance thermosetting resins, and high-performance composites, detailing specific materials within each category [6][7]. Group 3: Functional High Polymer Materials - Functional high polymer materials are defined as polymers that provide special physical, chemical, or biological functions beyond basic mechanical properties [11]. - The article categorizes these materials into several types, including membrane separation materials, conductive polymers, optical materials, biomedical polymers, and stimuli-responsive polymers, detailing specific examples for each category [10][12][13]. Group 4: Organic Silicon and Fluorine Materials - Organic silicon materials are characterized by a main chain of silicon-oxygen bonds and organic groups, offering excellent high and low-temperature resistance, electrical insulation, and hydrophobic properties [14]. - Organic fluorine materials are defined as synthetic polymers containing fluorine atoms, known for their exceptional chemical inertness and temperature resistance [15][16]. Group 5: Specialty Rubber and Polyurethane Materials - Specialty rubber is defined as synthetic rubber with special properties such as oil resistance, high-temperature resistance, and flame retardancy, outperforming general rubber [18]. - Polyurethane materials are described as polymers formed from the reaction of polyisocyanates and polyols, with diverse forms and properties, including foams, elastomers, adhesives, and coatings [20][21]. Group 6: Advanced Electronic and Information Materials - Advanced electronic materials are critical for integrated circuits, display devices, storage devices, and optoelectronic devices, with categories including semiconductor manufacturing materials and packaging materials [29][30]. - The article details specific materials used in semiconductor manufacturing, such as silicon wafers, photoresists, and electronic specialty gases [30]. Group 7: New Energy Materials - New energy materials are essential for the development and utilization of solar, wind, and energy storage technologies, with categories including lithium-ion battery materials, fuel cell materials, and solar cell materials [33][34]. - The article provides a detailed breakdown of materials used in lithium-ion batteries, including cathode and anode materials, electrolytes, and separators [34]. Group 8: Environmental and Sustainable Materials - Environmental materials focus on reducing environmental impact, resource conservation, and recyclability, with categories including bio-based materials and biodegradable materials [37][38]. - The article lists various bio-based monomers and polymers, as well as biodegradable polymers, highlighting their significance in sustainable development [38]. Group 9: Specialty Additives and Coatings - Specialty additives are defined as fine chemicals that significantly improve processing or performance with minimal addition, including modifiers, flame retardants, and lubricants [40][41]. - Specialty coatings are designed to meet specific environmental protection or functional requirements, with categories including anti-corrosion coatings, high-temperature coatings, and functional coatings [43][44].