马王堆汉墓新发现：绮地"乘云绣"实为坐垫 T形帛画发现改痕 1972年至1974年发掘的长沙马王堆汉墓是西汉长沙国丞相、轪侯利苍一家三口的墓葬，共出土保存完好的女 尸、丝织品、帛书、帛画、漆器等数以万件的精美文物， 是20世纪中国最重大的考古发现之一。 湖南博物院马王堆汉墓及藏品研究展示中心主任、研究馆员喻燕姣介绍，辛追墓中出土的随葬品部分有遣册或 木牌登记名录，绢地"乘云绣"出土时覆盖在药枕上，为双层的绢地"乘云绣"面，周缘镶以几何纹绒圈锦和淡黄 色绢，里层为素绢。有遣册记之为"乘云绣枕巾"。 而绮地"乘云绣"被发现时压在一件夹袍的下方。 "当时，由于专家们一直没有找到绮地'乘云绣'对应的遣册，且两物外观和纹样形似。所以尽管绢地'乘云绣'绣 工精致，而绮地'乘云绣'绣工较粗糙，两者材质不同，大家也都认为绮地'乘云绣'应该同样是枕巾。"喻燕姣 说。 但为何有两件"枕巾"？这一疑问一直萦绕在喻燕姣心中。通过深入研究北边厢出土陈设情形的老照片，喻燕姣 想到：一直被误认为是"枕巾"的绮地"乘云绣"会不会是"坐垫"？ 喻燕姣赶紧翻阅遣册，果然发现了一个此前没有对应实物，名为"白綃乘雲繡郭中絪度一，赤掾"的遣册。"茵 ...

Core Viewpoint - The previously misidentified "Qidi 'Chengyun Embroidery'" is actually a silk cushion, marking the earliest archaeological discovery of a silk cushion to date [1][4]. Group 1: Discovery Details - The "Qidi 'Chengyun Embroidery'" cushion measures 100 cm in length and 74 cm in width, excavated from the Mawangdui No. 1 tomb, which belonged to Xin Chui, the wife of Li Cang, the prime minister of the Changsha Kingdom [2]. - Alongside the cushion, a similar item identified as a silk "Chengyun Embroidery" pillow was also found, measuring 87.5 cm in length and 65 cm in width [2]. Group 2: Research Insights - The discovery was made by Yu Yanjiao, who noted that the misidentification stemmed from the lack of corresponding records for the "Qidi 'Chengyun Embroidery'" and the visual similarities between the two items [7]. - A review of historical records revealed a previously uncorrelated item named "White Silk 'Chengyun Embroidery' Cushion," leading to the conclusion that the "Qidi 'Chengyun Embroidery'" is indeed a cushion [7]. Group 3: Cultural Context - The artifacts found in Xin Chui's tomb, including various furniture and utensils, illustrate the customs of sitting on the ground while enjoying food and performances during the Han Dynasty [8]. - The arrangement of low furniture and seating reflects the cultural practices of the time, emphasizing the significance of ground-level living [8]. Group 4: Additional Findings - A new embroidery pattern, "Double Phoenix 'Chengyun Embroidery'," was also discovered, filling a gap in the research of this field [9]. - The Mawangdui tombs, excavated between 1972 and 1974, are recognized as one of the significant archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, yielding thousands of exquisite artifacts [9].