Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the severe threat posed by the pine wood nematode disease, also known as "pine cancer," which has led to the death of millions of pine trees in China since its discovery in 1982, causing significant ecological and economic damage [1][3]. Summary by Sections Disease Overview - Pine wood nematode disease is one of the most dangerous and destructive diseases in global forest ecosystems, first identified in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, in 1982 [1][3]. - The disease has resulted in the death of hundreds of millions of pine trees, leading to direct and indirect economic losses exceeding one trillion yuan [3]. Current Situation - Recent social media reports indicate sightings of infected pine trees in various regions, prompting discussions on effective control measures [1][2]. - The disease exhibits strong spreading capabilities, with one or two infected trees potentially leading to the death of an entire forest within two to three years if not addressed promptly [2][3]. Control Measures - The autumn and winter seasons are critical for disease prevention, with various regions holding meetings to discuss control strategies [1][5]. - Current control efforts focus on eliminating infected trees and monitoring pest populations, with innovative methods such as drone surveillance and biological control being implemented [5][6]. Spread Mechanisms - The disease spreads through natural vectors, such as the pine wood nematode beetle, and human activities, including the transportation of infected wood products [4][5]. - Effective prevention requires public awareness to reduce the risk of human-mediated spread [6]. Ecological Impact - The loss of pine trees, particularly in areas unsuitable for other tree species, poses significant risks to forest health and biodiversity [3][6]. - The ongoing spread of the disease threatens not only cultivated pine forests but also various types of coniferous forests across China, leading to potential widespread ecological damage [6].