Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Supreme Court is questioning the legality of the "global tariff" policy implemented during Trump's presidency, which could lead to over $100 billion in tax refunds if deemed unlawful [1][2][3]. Group 1: Legal Basis and Implications - Trump's administration claims the tariffs are based on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), which allows the president to act in national security or economic emergencies, but does not explicitly authorize tariff imposition [2]. - The Supreme Court justices, including those appointed by Trump, expressed skepticism about the administration's interpretation of IEEPA, suggesting it could undermine Congress's authority over taxation and trade [2][3]. - If the court rules against Trump, it would not only require refunds to importers but also restrict future presidents' ability to unilaterally impose tariffs under the guise of national emergencies, potentially shifting tariff authority back to Congress [3]. Group 2: Court Proceedings and Stakeholders - The hearing lasted two and a half hours, with significant participation from government officials, including the Secretary of the Treasury and the U.S. Trade Representative, indicating the high stakes involved [2]. - The case centers on tariffs announced on April 2, 2025, which imposed rates between 10% and 50% on most U.S. imports, justified by claims of addressing trade deficits and combating fentanyl smuggling [1][3]. - The ruling is expected by the end of the year and could set a critical precedent regarding executive power in trade policy post-Trump [4].