Core Viewpoint - The collaboration between MIT and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has successfully synthesized the natural fungal molecule "Pseudopterosin A" for the first time in a laboratory setting, which has significant anticancer potential and could pave the way for new drug development pathways [1][2]. Group 1 - The research team achieved the total synthesis of Pseudopterosin A, which was first discovered over 50 years ago, and designed various new derivatives based on it [1]. - Initial tests indicate that some derivatives exhibit strong antitumor activity against a rare pediatric brain cancer, diffuse midline glioma [2]. - The synthesis of Pseudopterosin A was challenging due to its complex structure, which includes two additional oxygen atoms compared to a similar compound synthesized in 2009, leading to decreased molecular stability [1]. Group 2 - The team developed multiple variants of Pseudopterosin A, with one derivative showing significant inhibitory effects on diffuse midline glioma cells in laboratory cell experiments [2]. - Further research is required to evaluate the clinical application potential of these derivatives [2].