Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful ecological restoration and natural breeding of rare fish species in the Yangtze River basin, particularly in the Chishui River, following the implementation of a ten-year fishing ban [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Restoration - The Chishui River has recorded 160 fish species, including over 40 rare and endemic species such as the Yangtze sturgeon and eel [2]. - The presence of nationally protected wildlife like the rock carp and Qing stone loach has significantly increased, indicating improved ecological conditions [2]. - The ecological integrity of fish populations in the Chishui River has reached a "good" level, representing the best status in the Yangtze River basin [2]. Group 2: Ten-Year Fishing Ban - The ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River has entered a critical mid-term phase, with significant results in the protection of rare aquatic species and overall recovery of fish resources [2]. - From 2021 to 2024, a total of 344 native fish species have been monitored in the Yangtze River basin, an increase of 36 species compared to the pre-ban period (2017-2020) [2]. - The trend of fish species becoming smaller has been effectively curbed due to the ban [2]. Group 3: Research and Monitoring - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has conducted continuous monitoring and research on the fish resources and ecological changes in the Chishui River since the 1990s [1]. - Advanced technologies such as drone surveillance and underwater robots have been employed to monitor the ecological conditions and fish populations in real-time [1]. - The Yangtze sturgeon, a flagship species for aquatic biodiversity protection, had ceased natural reproduction in the early 2000s, and its wild extinction was declared in July 2022 by the IUCN [2].