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高盛:数据中心供需模型更新:供应宽松时间早于预期,但按历史标准衡量仍紧张
Goldman Sachs· 2025-04-14 01:32
Investment Rating - The report maintains a constructive outlook on datacenter operators, indicating they can sustain profitability levels above historical norms, despite tempered AI demand expectations [5]. Core Insights - The global datacenter supply/demand model has been updated, indicating a loosening of supply constraints earlier than previously expected, with peak occupancy now forecasted for 2025 instead of 2026 [3][13]. - Occupancy rates are projected to remain above historical levels, with a gradual loosening expected from 2026 through 2027, stabilizing around average levels seen over the past 18 months [3][45]. - Demand growth forecasts have been adjusted, particularly for AI workloads, reflecting a more gradual pace of AI training demand and a net decrease in incremental demand over the next 18 months [12][15]. Supply and Demand Overview - The current global datacenter market capacity is estimated at approximately 63 GW, with a significant portion owned by hyperscaler and cloud providers [25]. - By 2030, the total datacenter capacity is expected to reach approximately 131 GW, translating to a 6-year CAGR of ~14% [35]. - The report highlights that the mix of datacenter workloads will shift further towards cloud workloads, with hyperscale and wholesale datacenters expected to comprise about 75% of the total by 2030 [35]. Demand Forecast - The global datacenter market demand is estimated to grow by ~50% to 86 GW by 2027, with AI workloads increasing to 27% of the overall market [15]. - AI workload demand is projected to grow at a 38% CAGR, while traditional corporate workloads are expected to grow at a modest 3% [20]. Supply Forecast - The report indicates that supply sufficiency is expected to decrease by an average of 3% in 2025, 7% in 2026, and 6% in 2027, with a long-term forecasted supply sufficiency of 86% by 2030 [13]. - The datacenter supply model reflects a historical increase of ~2 GW due to actual capacity increases and adjustments to historical supply tracking [12]. Power Demand and Sustainability - Datacenter power demand is projected to increase by ~160% by 2030 compared to 2023 levels, contributing approximately 1% CAGR to overall US power demand [75]. - The report anticipates that 40% of the datacenter power increase will be met with renewables, with the remaining 60% expected to be driven by natural gas generation [76]. Grid Investments - The report estimates that approximately $720 billion will be required for grid investments through 2030, primarily focused on distribution and transmission upgrades to support datacenter growth [68].