Summary of J.P. Morgan Research on AI Data Center Opportunities Industry Overview - The report discusses the expanding demand for AI data centers and the associated networking technologies, particularly focusing on the data center interconnect (DCI) market, which is estimated to have a total addressable market (TAM) of over $10 billion [1][13]. Key Concepts - **Scale-Up**: Refers to XPU-to-XPU connectivity within a tightly coupled node or local cluster. - **Scale-Out**: Involves the fabric linking multiple nodes across racks and pods within a single data center. - **Scale-Across**: Focuses on enabling distributed training between geographically separated data centers. - **Multi-Rail**: Increases fiber density to expand DCI capacity and support new use cases [1]. Market Opportunities - The report estimates that Scale-Across and Multi-Rail opportunities could represent a combined TAM of over $10 billion for the DCI market, matching the current DCI TAM [1]. - A specific example of Scale-Across involves a U.S. hyperscaler interconnecting two data centers over approximately 100 km, enabling 20-25 Pb/s of aggregate AI training traffic [5][7]. Financial Projections - The DCI content for Scale-Across opportunities could range from $300 million to $500 million per DCI connection, excluding optical fiber cable and connectors [11]. - The revenue opportunity per DCI connection is broken down as follows: - **Coherent Pluggable Modules**: 55,000 units at an ASP of $4,000 to $6,000. - **Reconfigurable Line Systems (RLS)**: 860 units at an ASP of $20,000 to $50,000. - **Ethernet Switches**: 1,720 units at an ASP of $700 to $1,000 [11][12]. Company Positioning - Companies best positioned for the DCI opportunity include: - **Networking**: Arista and Cisco. - **Optical**: Ciena, Coherent, Corning, Fabrinet, and Lumentum [15]. Infrastructure Challenges - Increasing fiber density requirements are driving the need for innovation in existing infrastructure rather than simply adding more equipment [17]. - Traditional in-line amplifier (ILA) huts are becoming bottlenecks due to their limited capacity, necessitating the development of multi-rail technology to increase fiber pair capacity from 16 to 128 or even 256 pairs [23][33]. Future Projections - Lumen's ambitious plan to expand its network fiber miles from 12 million in 2022 to 47 million by 2028 could represent a significant opportunity, with an estimated total revenue opportunity of $200 million to $300 million for the incremental Lumen opportunity alone [29][33]. Conclusion - The report highlights significant growth potential in the AI data center market, driven by technological advancements and increasing demand for high-capacity interconnect solutions. Companies involved in networking and optical technologies are well-positioned to capitalize on these emerging opportunities [1][15].