Core Argument - Google argues that a forced sale of its advertising exchange, AdX, is too risky, technologically challenging, and would disrupt the market [1][2]. Financial Impact - The advertising exchange is estimated to generate $15.9 billion in revenue by 2025, and a forced sale could create uncertainty and degrade services for smaller online publishers [2][5]. Legal Context - The trial addresses restoring competition in the display advertising market, where Google has been deemed to hold an illegal monopoly [3][4]. Proposed Solutions - The Justice Department suggests that Google should sell AdX and disclose the ad server's decision-making logic to enhance competition [4][5]. Technological Challenges - Google claims that separating AdX from its integrated system, Google Ad Manager, is technologically difficult due to the interdependence of the systems [8][10]. Market Uncertainties - Potential buyers may be deterred by ambiguities surrounding the sale, including the extent of assets and regulatory approvals required [13][14]. Impact on Small Publishers - A sale of AdX could negatively affect small publishers who rely on Google's advertising products for revenue, with some reporting significant portions of their income tied to AdX [17][19]. Security Concerns - Google emphasizes that divesting AdX could lead to increased data security risks and vulnerabilities, potentially making it a target for malicious actors [21][22].