Core Insights - Harley-Davidson (HOG) is focusing on high-potential markets in North America, Europe, and select Asia-Pacific regions while facing challenges from rising tariffs, cost inflation, and poor operating leverage [1] Financial Strategies - Long-term strategic partnerships with KKR and PIMCO are expected to enhance Harley-Davidson Financial Services (HDFS) and improve capital structure, with projected discretionary cash of $1.2-$1.25 billion to be unlocked by Q1 2026 [2] - The significant cash inflow could be utilized for debt reduction (targeting $450 million), accelerating buybacks ($200 million ASR under a $1 billion repurchase program through 2026), or funding targeted product and dealer initiatives [3] Operational Efficiency - The revamped operating model and streamlined organizational structure have improved efficiency across all functions, with a focus on high-potential regions after exiting unprofitable markets [4] - The company aims to strengthen market position while driving productivity and reducing supply-chain costs, emphasizing sportier bikes and modern marketing techniques [5] - Cost regulation is a key component of the multi-year productivity cost program, aiming for $400 million in improvements by 2025, with $257 million in unlevered productivity savings realized from 2022 to 2024 [6] Debt Management - As of September 30, 2025, Harley-Davidson's long-term debt was $3.1 billion, down from $4.5 billion at the end of 2024, with a long-term debt-to-capital ratio of approximately 0.46, providing greater financial flexibility [7] Market Challenges - Tariffs are compressing gross margins, with HDMC's gross margin declining to 26.4% in Q3 from 30.1% the previous year, costing $27 million in the quarter and projected to reach $55-$75 million for full-year 2025 [8] - Unfavorable operating leverage and cost inflation pressures are expected to continue affecting profitability, leading to withheld 2025 guidance due to tariff and trade-policy uncertainty [9] Inventory Issues - Global dealer motorcycle inventories are down 13% year-over-year, with concerns primarily in Touring and CVO inventories, prompting targeted promotions to move stock [11]