Core Insights - The article discusses a study published in Nature Cell Biology that systematically analyzes the protein networks of 18 types of nuclear condensates in human HeLa cells, revealing their functional associations and interactions [3][4][12] Group 1: Research Findings - The study developed algorithms to uncover functional relationships among nuclear condensates, leading to the creation of a human nuclear condensate map called NOVA Map, which predicts disease-related protein mutations and reveals stress dynamics [4][10] - Utilizing the PhastID proximity labeling technology, the research identified 2,390 significantly enriched proteins and 10,126 pairs of neighboring interactions, categorizing condensates into two groups: one related to DNA damage repair and the other to RNA processing [7][8] - The study confirmed the cooperative roles of Gems bodies with Cajal bodies and histone locus bodies in regulating telomerase maturation and promoting histone mRNA precursor processing [8] Group 2: Implications and Applications - The NOVA Map serves as a tool for understanding the nuclear distribution and interaction characteristics of proteins with frequent mutations in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, highlighting its clinical application potential [10][12] - Heat shock experiments demonstrated that heat shock factor-1 (HSF1) migrates to PML bodies and heterochromatin regions, participating in heat stress responses, indicating the stability of most condensates under stress [10]