Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Consolidated revenues for Q4 2025 were approximately $212 million, with an adjusted EBITDA of $178 million and an adjusted EBITDA margin of 84% [14] - Free cash flow for Q4 was $119 million, contributing to a record free cash flow of approximately $498 million for the full year 2025, representing an 8% year-over-year increase [14][15] - Full year 2025 oil and gas royalty production increased by 29% year-over-year, while water sales daily volumes increased by 4% and produced water royalty daily volumes increased by 25% [15] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Oil and gas royalty production grew 23% year-over-year in Q4 2025, while water sales volumes exceeded 1 million barrels per day for the first time, growing 36% year-over-year [4] - Produced water royalty volumes grew 22% year-over-year [4] - The company achieved a 3-year compounded annual growth rate of 17% for oil and gas royalty production, 18% for water sales volumes, and 30% for produced water royalty volumes [5] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The Permian Basin experienced a decline in rig activity, with the horizontal rig count down approximately 26% [17] - Despite lower rig counts, production growth was sustained through a drawdown of drilled but uncompleted wells (DUCs), with an estimated 600 DUCs drawn down in 2025 [17][18] - The average lateral lengths of wells completed on TPL royalty acreage increased by 8% compared to the previous year, with new permitted wells averaging 35% longer than in 2024 [19] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on leveraging its strengths in land, water, and energy to build large-scale data center and power generation solutions, particularly through its partnership with Bolt Data & Energy [6][8] - TPL aims to develop multiple multi-gig energy campuses, emphasizing the importance of scale in its operations [27] - The company is also investing in desalination projects to provide sustainable solutions for produced water management, with a facility in Orla, Texas nearing completion [9][10] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the growth pipeline for 2026, highlighting the ability to drive growth and extract value even in a weak oil price environment [11] - The company maintains a debt-free balance sheet and a $500 million undrawn credit facility, providing flexibility to invest opportunistically [12] - Management anticipates capital expenditures of approximately $65 million to $75 million for 2026, with a focus on water sales business improvements and desalination facility enhancements [20] Other Important Information - The company announced a regular dividend of $0.60 per share, representing a 12.5% increase from the prior quarter [16] - TPL is actively exploring opportunities in rare earths in Hudspeth County, with promising early-stage findings [47] Q&A Session Summary Question: Thoughts on power and data center development opportunities - Management believes the opportunity set for power and data center development has evolved significantly, with ongoing commercial negotiations and several projects in the pipeline [26][28] Question: Updates on the Bolt Energy partnership - Management indicated that Bolt aims to build a 10-gigawatt data center campus, with potential water revenue for TPL being substantial [29][30] Question: Current outlook for water business amidst broader activity contraction - Management attributed the strength in produced water volumes to legacy contracts and strategic implementation over the past few years, allowing for market capture despite activity level fluctuations [34][36] Question: Desalination process efficiencies and power intensity - Management clarified that the goal is to reduce energy consumption in desalination, with waste heat capture being a key focus to lower operational costs [44][45] Question: Exposure to rare earth exploration in Hudspeth County - Management confirmed ongoing exploration projects in Hudspeth County, with promising early-stage findings [47]

Financial Performance Highlights - Revenue increased by 83% year-over-year[9] - Adjusted EBITDA increased by 81% year-over-year[9] - Record Surface Use Royalties and Revenues reached $34.2 million[9] - Non-oil and gas royalty revenue accounted for approximately 94% of total revenue in Q2 2025[9] - Free Cash Flow Margin was 76% in Q2 2025[15] Strategic Agreements and Projects - A 10-year surface use and pore space reservation agreement was secured with Devon Energy, guaranteeing 300,000 bpd of pore space capacity with a minimum delivery of 175,000 bbls/day on East Stateline and Speed Ranches[9, 14] - A lease option agreement was executed with a large public IPP for the development, operation, and construction of a natural gas-fired advanced combined cycle gas turbine ("CCGT") plant[9, 14] Capital Allocation - A quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share was announced, payable on September 18th to shareholders of record as of September 4th[9] - The company targets a net leverage ratio between 20x and 25x[36] Revenue Streams - Surface Use Royalties and Revenues accounted for 66% of YTD 2025 revenue[26] - Resource Sales and Royalties accounted for 27% of YTD 2025 revenue[26] - Oil and Gas Royalties accounted for 7% of YTD 2025 revenue[26]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - For Q1 2025, consolidated revenues reached $196 million, with consolidated adjusted EBITDA at $169 million, resulting in an adjusted EBITDA margin of 86.4% [16] - Free cash flow was reported at $127 million, reflecting an 11% year-over-year increase [16] - Oil and gas royalty production averaged approximately 31,100 barrels of oil equivalent per day, marking a 25% increase year-over-year and a 7% growth sequentially [6][16] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Water segment revenues totaled $69 million, representing a 3% sequential growth and an 11% year-over-year increase [6] - The total of net permitted wells, net drilled but uncompleted wells (DUCs), and net completed but not producing wells (CUPs) reached 24.3, the highest recorded by the company, showing a 7% increase quarter-over-quarter and a 38% increase year-over-year [17] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company noted that while oil prices have weakened, there has not yet been a widespread downturn in activity, although some operators have announced plans to reduce rigs and frac spreads [7] - The company expects overall Permian activity and production declines to be slower compared to other U.S. oil basins, with TPL's net production anticipated to outperform the basin overall [8] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to maximize shareholder value through potential acquisitions of high-quality royalties, surface, and water assets, as well as increasing buybacks [14] - TPL is positioned to withstand potential downturns in commodity prices due to its strong financial position, zero debt, and significant cash reserves [13][14] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the company's ability to maintain positive free cash flow even in a depressed pricing environment, highlighting the resilience of its revenue streams [13] - The company anticipates that produced water volumes will continue to grow rapidly over the next decade, driven by operators moving to deeper formations [26] Other Important Information - The company is advancing its desalination and beneficial reuse initiatives, with expectations for a new desalination unit to come online by the end of the year [18] - TPL's surface leases and easements revenue model is expected to benefit from renewal payment escalators, projected to exceed $200 million over the next decade [12] Q&A Session Summary Question: Insights on water fundamentals in the Delaware Basin - Management noted that higher water cuts are expected as operators move to deeper formations, predicting rapid growth in produced water volumes over the next decade [26] Question: Impact of pipeline projects on TPL - Management indicated that new pipeline projects would benefit the basin and TPL, providing compensation for barrels moved through these projects [27] Question: M&A landscape in the basin - Management highlighted ongoing opportunities in the M&A space, with no significant pullback from sellers despite potential widening of bid-ask spreads if commodity prices decrease [31]