Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported a net income of $1.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to a net loss of $2.7 million for the same period in 2024, marking a $4.5 million improvement [13] - Basic net income per share was approximately $0.20 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, compared to a net loss of $0.34 per share in the prior year [15] - Gross margin as a percentage of product sales increased to 43% during the third quarter of 2025, up from 26% in the same quarter of 2024 [17] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Total product sales decreased by 8% or $505,000 in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the same quarter in 2024 [15] - Domestic sales increased by 2% in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the same quarter in 2024, and were up 9.5% compared to the second quarter of 2025 [12] - International sales were down during the third quarter of 2025 compared to the same quarter in 2024, primarily due to timing of shipments and short supply management [12] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The U.S. market represented about 86% of total sales during the trailing 12-month period ended September 30, 2025 [12] - International sales for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, were 15% higher than the same period in the prior year [13] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to regain customers lost during supply shortages and expand the use of scour preventatives [11] - There is a focus on operational excellence and execution while reviewing next capacity expansion opportunities [14] - The company is awaiting FDA approval for its Retain product, which targets subclinical mastitis, and is conducting investigational product use studies in collaboration with Michigan State University [21][22] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed optimism about the company's position and the potential for growth, emphasizing the importance of their work in animal health [9][10] - The management team highlighted the need for continued strong production yields and sales growth to ensure future success [18] Other Important Information - The company has seen significant improvements in gross margins due to better manufacturing performance and a composite price increase of around 6% in 2025 [35] - Adjusted EBITDA for the three-month, nine-month, and trailing 12-month periods ended September 30, 2025, were $751,000, $4.4 million, and $5.8 million, respectively, showing strong year-over-year improvements [19] Q&A Session Summary Question: What active steps are being taken to increase growth for First Defense? - Management indicated that they have reached a level of capacity set during the expansion project and have implemented quality measures to ensure predictable manufacturing levels [26] Question: How do you plan to balance production with cash management given the growing inventory? - The CFO noted that inventory levels have increased to a more desirable level as they approach peak selling season, and they are closely monitoring inventory management [32] Question: What is attributed to the margin improvement in Q3? - The CFO attributed margin improvements to enhanced manufacturing performance and a price increase, along with the benefits of scale from increased sales volume [35]

Summary of ImmuCell Corporation Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: ImmuCell Corporation (Ticker: ICCC) - **Industry**: Animal Health, specifically focusing on products that reduce antibiotic use in livestock [1][2] Core Products and Market Position - **First Defense**: A USDA licensed product aimed at providing immediate immunity to newborn calves, reducing the need for traditional antibiotics [3][5][17] - **Retain**: A novel alternative to traditional antibiotics for treating mastitis, currently in the investigational phase due to FDA approval delays [6][38] - **Market Dynamics**: The company positions itself against competitors by emphasizing immediate immunity rather than delayed responses typical of vaccines [17][19] Sales and Financial Performance - **Historical Growth**: From 2011 to 2018, the company experienced an 11.6% CAGR, which accelerated to 15.8% CAGR from 2018 to 2024 following the launch of Tri Shield [12][14] - **Recent Sales Data**: Q1 2024 revenue was $8.1 million, with trailing twelve-month growth reaching $27.3 million, indicating strong recovery from previous production issues [14][15] - **Production Capacity**: The company has successfully doubled its production capacity to over $30 million annually and has been operating without contamination issues since April 2024 [16][15] Operational Challenges and Strategies - **Contamination Issues**: The company faced contamination problems during capacity expansion in late 2022 and throughout 2023, which limited supply [15][16] - **Backlog Management**: The backlog of orders was reduced from over $4 million to just over $3 million, with expectations to clear it in the upcoming quarters [27][28] - **Capital Expenditures**: Plans to increase production capacity from 30 million to 40 million annually, requiring approximately $3 million in capital expenditures [29][30] Product Development and Future Outlook - **First Defense Product Suite**: The product line has evolved since its initial approval in 1991, with the introduction of new formulations to enhance efficacy [34][35] - **Retain Investigational Use**: The company is initiating investigational use of Retain to gather field data, which is crucial for future strategic decisions [39][40] - **Gross Margin Improvement**: Gross margins improved from 22% during contamination issues to 42% in Q1 2025, with a target of reaching 45% [42][45] Strategic Financial Tools - **At-the-Market (ATM) Offering**: The company has utilized the ATM offering judiciously, with significant activity in 2024 but minimal in 2025, allowing for flexibility in financing [31][33] Conclusion - **Optimistic Outlook**: The management expresses optimism for the latter half of 2025, focusing on growth in First Defense and resolving strategic options for Retain [45]