Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - In 2024, the company recorded total revenue of 3.2billion,a533.6 billion, compared to a loss of 4.7billionin2023,withalosspershareof9.28 compared to 12.33inthepriorperiod[27]−Cash,cashequivalents,andinvestmentstotaled9.5 billion at the end of the quarter, up from 9.2billionattheendofthethirdquarter[22]BusinessLineDataandKeyMetricsChanges−ForQ42024,netproductsaleswere0.9 billion, with 0.2billionintheUnitedStatesand0.7 billion outside the United States [13] - Full-year net product sales were 3.1billion,withU.S.salesat1.7 billion, benefiting from a favorable adjustment related to a prior period return reserve reversal [13][14] - The majority of sales were from Spikevax, while mRESVIA generated only 25millioninsalesforthefullyear[15]MarketDataandKeyMetricsChanges−Internationalsaleswereloweryear−over−year,reflectingtheongoingphase−outofadvancedpurchaseagreements[16]−ThecompanyobservedsignsofstabilizationintheCOVIDmarket,believingitwillremaindurableovertimedespitelowervaccinationratesandincreasedcompetition[14]CompanyStrategyandDevelopmentDirection−Thecompanyannouncedafocuson10high−valueprogramsexpectedtodrivesalesgrowthanddiversificationfromCOVIDoverthenextthreeyears[8]−Thestrategicresizinginitiativelaunchedin2023aimstooptimizethemanufacturingfootprintandalignwiththetransitiontoaseasonalendemicmarket[18]−Thecompanyplanstoreducecashcoststoanestimated5.5 billion in 2025 and 5billionin2026,aimingforbreakevenonacash−costbasisnolaterthan2028[48][49]Management′sCommentsonOperatingEnvironmentandFutureOutlook−ManagementexpressedconfidenceinthedurabilityoftheCOVIDmarketandthepotentialforgrowthfromnewproductapprovals[14][31]−Thecompanyanticipatestotalrevenuein2025tobeintherangeof1.5 billion to 2.5billion,reflectinguncertaintiesinvaccinationratesandmarketcompetition[31]−Managementemphasizedtheimportanceofcostmanagementandoperationalefficienciestopositionthecompanyforlong−termsuccess[35]OtherImportantInformation−Thecompanyreportedasignificantreductioninoperatingexpensesin2024,withcostsdecliningfrom11.1 billion to 7.2 billion [28] - R&D expenses for the year were 4.5 billion, down 6% from 2023, primarily due to lower clinical trial and manufacturing costs [24] Q&A Session Summary Question: Can you help us understand the breakdown of the R&D spend across your program? - Management indicated there is flexibility to reduce R&D spending further, with guidance of $4.1 billion for 2025 and potential reductions by 2027 [55] Question: What would it take for the FDA to remove the clinical hold on Norovirus? - Management stated that the FDA needs time to review submitted materials, and any decision will depend on their assessment [67] Question: Should we still expect the final readout for CMV in the first half of 2025? - Management confirmed that they still expect the final results for the CMV trial in 2025, although specific timing was not provided [66] Question: Can you clarify the approval requirements for the COVID-flu combo vaccine? - Management confirmed that efficacy for the COVID component has been demonstrated, but efficacy for the flu component is still required [88] Question: What variables would affect the 2025 revenue guidance? - Management noted that vaccination rates, market share, and competitive dynamics would influence whether they land at the low or high end of their guidance [133]