National Storage Affiliates(NSA)
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National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q3 - Quarterly Report
2022-11-03 20:16
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number: 001-37351 National Storage Affiliates Trust (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Maryland 46-5053858 (State or other jur ...
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q2 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-08-06 00:35
National Storage Affiliates Trust (NYSE:NSA) Q2 2022 Earnings Conference Call August 4, 2022 1:00 PM ET Company Participants George Hoglund - Vice President of Investor Relations Tamara Fischer - President, Chief Executive Officer & Trustee Dave Cramer - Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer & Member of Pro Advisory Committee Brandon Togashi - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer & Treasurer Conference Call Participants Samir Khanal - Evercore ISI Ki Bin Ki ...
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q2 - Quarterly Report
2022-08-04 20:34
Part I [Financial Statements](index=4&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Financial%20Statements) This section provides unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2022, detailing accounting policies and financial activities [Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=4&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) Total assets increased to **$5.76 billion** and total liabilities to **$3.26 billion** as of June 30, 2022, driven by property growth and increased debt financing Balance Sheet Summary | Metric | June 30, 2022 ($ thousands) | December 31, 2021 ($ thousands) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Assets** | 5,759,041 | 5,562,594 | | **Total Liabilities** | 3,257,728 | 3,080,139 | | **Total Equity** | 2,501,313 | 2,482,455 | [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=5&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) Total revenue grew **43.9%** to **$198.9 million** and net income reached **$48.4 million** in Q2 2022, with six-month figures at **$386.1 million** and **$93.2 million** respectively Summary of Operations ($ thousands) | Metric | Q2 2022 ($ thousands) | Q2 2021 ($ thousands) | H1 2022 ($ thousands) | H1 2021 ($ thousands) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Revenue** | 198,890 | 138,246 | 386,074 | 261,238 | | **Net Income** | 48,425 | 35,675 | 93,211 | 63,310 | | **Diluted Earnings Per Share** | $0.24 | $0.25 | $0.48 | $0.44 | [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=10&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) Net cash from operating activities significantly increased to **$227 million** in the first six months of 2022, while **$244.9 million** was used in investing activities, and **$25.6 million** provided by financing activities Cash Flow Summary (Six Months Ended June 30, $ thousands) | Activity | 2022 ($ thousands) | 2021 ($ thousands) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities** | 227,043 | 144,259 | | **Net Cash Used in Investing Activities** | (244,926) | (398,136) | | **Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities** | 25,624 | 258,151 | | **Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash** | 7,741 | 4,274 | [Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements](index=12&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20Condensed%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) Notes detail accounting policies and financial statement items, including property acquisitions, debt structure, equity composition, related party transactions, and fair value measurements, highlighting key events like Northwest PRO internalization and significant financing activities - As of June 30, 2022, the company owned **892** consolidated self-storage properties and held interests in a total of **1,076** properties across **42** states and Puerto Rico[31](index=31&type=chunk)[34](index=34&type=chunk) - The company acquired **20** self-storage properties for **$207.5 million** in the first six months of 2022[77](index=77&type=chunk) - Total outstanding debt was **$3.14 billion** as of June 30, 2022, an increase from **$2.94 billion** at the end of 2021[83](index=83&type=chunk) - Subsequent to the quarter-end, the company acquired an additional **six** properties for **$71.6 million** and approved a **$400 million** stock repurchase program[112](index=112&type=chunk)[113](index=113&type=chunk) [Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=30&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management%27s%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) Management analyzes the company's Q2 and H1 2022 financial performance, covering revenue growth driven by acquisitions and strong same-store performance, increased expenses, liquidity, capital resources, and key non-GAAP metrics like FFO, Core FFO, and NOI [Results of Operations](index=33&type=section&id=Results%20of%20Operations) Net income increased to **$48.4 million** in Q2 2022, driven by a **$42.3 million** rise in total NOI from acquisitions and **17.3%** same-store NOI growth, with H1 2022 net income reaching **$93.2 million** Q2 Performance (vs. Q2 2021, $ thousands) | Metric | 2022 ($ thousands) | 2021 ($ thousands) | Change | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Revenue** | 198,890 | 138,246 | +43.9% | | **Total Net Operating Income (NOI)** | 137,789 | 95,485 | +44.3% | | **Same-Store NOI** | 101,737 | 86,747 | +17.3% | | **Net Income** | 48,425 | 35,675 | +35.7% | H1 Performance (vs. H1 2021, $ thousands) | Metric | 2022 ($ thousands) | 2021 ($ thousands) | Change | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Revenue** | 386,074 | 261,238 | +47.8% | | **Total Net Operating Income (NOI)** | 269,066 | 178,145 | +51.0% | | **Same-Store NOI** | 199,621 | 166,857 | +19.6% | | **Net Income** | 93,211 | 63,310 | +47.2% | [Non-GAAP Financial Measures](index=39&type=section&id=Non-GAAP%20Financial%20Measures) The company uses FFO, Core FFO, NOI, and Adjusted EBITDA to measure performance, with Core FFO per share at **$0.71** in Q2 2022 and **$1.38** in H1 2022, reflecting adjustments for non-cash items to clarify core business operations FFO and Core FFO per Share/Unit | FFO & Core FFO per Share/Unit | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | H1 2022 | H1 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **FFO per Share/Unit** | $0.70 | $0.55 | $1.37 | $1.03 | | **Core FFO per Share/Unit** | $0.71 | $0.55 | $1.38 | $1.04 | [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=43&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) Primary liquidity sources include operating cash flow, debt, and equity issuances, with **$32.3 million** cash and **$359.3 million** available on the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2022, alongside significant property acquisitions and dividend payments - Primary liquidity sources include cash flow from operations, debt financing, and equity issuances[177](index=177&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2022, the company held **$32.3 million** in cash and had **$359.3 million** available under its revolving credit facility[181](index=181&type=chunk)[187](index=187&type=chunk) - In the first half of 2022, the company used **$175 million** in cash for property acquisitions and paid **$96.2 million** in common stock dividends[183](index=183&type=chunk)[186](index=186&type=chunk) [Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=49&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) The company's primary market risk is interest rate risk on its floating-rate debt, with **$695 million** unhedged as of June 30, 2022, where a **100-basis point** increase would raise annual interest expense by approximately **$7 million** - The primary market risk is interest rate risk[217](index=217&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2022, **$695 million** of the company's debt was subject to floating interest rates, excluding debt subject to interest rate swaps[218](index=218&type=chunk) - A **100-basis point** increase in reference rates would increase annual interest expense by approximately **$7 million**[218](index=218&type=chunk) [Controls and Procedures](index=50&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) Management, including the CEO and CFO, assessed the company's disclosure controls and procedures as effective as of June 30, 2022, with no significant changes in internal control over financial reporting during the quarter - The company's disclosure controls and procedures were deemed effective at the end of the period[220](index=220&type=chunk) - No significant changes occurred in internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter of 2022[221](index=221&type=chunk) Part II [Legal Proceedings](index=50&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) The company reports no involvement in any legal proceedings deemed material at this time - The company is not currently involved in any material legal proceedings[224](index=224&type=chunk) [Risk Factors](index=50&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) This section directs readers to the company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, for a comprehensive discussion of potential risks and uncertainties - For a discussion of potential risks and uncertainties, refer to the 'Risk Factors' section in the company's 2021 Form 10-K[225](index=225&type=chunk) [Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds](index=50&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Unregistered%20Sales%20of%20Equity%20Securities%20and%20Use%20of%20Proceeds) In Q2 2022, the company issued **294,573** common shares to satisfy OP unit redemptions and issued OP units for property acquisitions, with these transactions exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act - In the second quarter of 2022, **294,573** common shares were issued to satisfy redemption requests from limited partners[226](index=226&type=chunk) - OP units were issued as partial consideration for the acquisition of several self-storage properties[227](index=227&type=chunk) - As of August 3, 2022, **38,022,594** OP units and **12,369,794** subordinated performance units were outstanding (excluding units held by the company)[234](index=234&type=chunk) [Other Information](index=52&type=section&id=Item%205.%20Other%20Information) On July 29, 2022, the company amended its credit agreement and other debt instruments to permit common stock repurchases under board-authorized plans, provided no default or event of default has occurred - On July 29, 2022, the company amended its credit agreement and other debt instruments[240](index=240&type=chunk) - This amendment permits the company to repurchase its common stock under board-authorized plans, provided no default has occurred[240](index=240&type=chunk)
National Storage Affiliates Trust (NSA) Presents at BMO Hosted company Meetings at REIT week - Slideshow
2022-06-10 21:02
National Storage Affiliates Company Update June 2022 Forward-Looking Statements and Non-GAAP Financial Measures FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: We make forward-looking statements in this presentation that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "conti ...
National Storage Affiliates Trust (NSA) Investor Presentation - Slideshow
2022-05-17 19:24
National Storage Affiliates Company Update May 2022 Forward-Looking Statements and Non-GAAP Financial Measures FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: We make forward-looking statements in this presentation that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "contin ...
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q1 - Earnings Call Presentation
2022-05-16 02:05
National Storage Affiliates Company Update May 2022 Forward-Looking Statements and Non-GAAP Financial Measures FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: We make forward-looking statements in this presentation that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "contin ...
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-05-06 21:17
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Core FFO per share for Q1 2022 was reported at $0.68, representing a 39% increase year-over-year [20] - Same-store NOI increased by 22.2% in Q1 2022, driven by a 16.6% revenue increase and a 3.1% increase in property operating expenses [21] - Full-year 2022 guidance was updated to core FFO per share of $2.80 to $2.85, reflecting a 4% increase from previous guidance and 25% growth over the prior year [23] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Same-store occupancy averaged 94.7% during Q1 2022, an increase of 250 basis points compared to the previous year [21] - Street rates averaged 22% higher in Q1 2022 compared to the same period last year [16] - Rent roll-up remained positive at about 1% in Q1, increasing to slightly above 5% by the end of April [16] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The percentage of stores with new competitors within a 3- and 5-mile radius decreased to 27% and 45%, respectively [18] - Rising interest rates and inflation are driving up construction costs, further restraining new supply in the market [17] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company plans to slow down acquisition volume in 2022 to focus on digesting the $2.2 billion of assets acquired in the previous year [11] - The company is integrating Northwest Self Storage assets into its corporate managed portfolio, which is expected to enhance growth [12] - The company continues to engage with high-quality private operators for potential partnerships, although no immediate changes are expected due to the current rate environment [63] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the self-storage sector's resilience, noting that fundamentals remain strong and demand is durable [60] - The company has not experienced significant pushback from customers regarding rate increases, indicating effective revenue management strategies [29] - Management acknowledged the potential impact of rising interest rates on new supply but remains optimistic about the overall market dynamics [39] Other Important Information - The company issued $17 million of OP equity during the quarter and closed a $125 million tranche of a private placement [24] - Kroll Bond Rating Agency upgraded the credit rating of the operating partnership to BBB+ from BBB flat, reflecting a conservative balance sheet [24] Q&A Session Summary Question: What changed to raise NOI guidance significantly? - Management indicated that Q1 performance exceeded expectations, leading to increased confidence in the remainder of the year [28] Question: Is there any pushback from customers regarding rate increases? - Management reported minimal pushback, with high occupancy levels and effective revenue management strategies [29] Question: How is occupancy expected to trend for the remainder of the year? - Management anticipates a seasonal spike in occupancy during summer months, followed by a normal seasonal pattern [31] Question: Are there concerns about inflation impacting rent increases? - Management does not foresee significant concerns regarding inflation, as self-storage remains an affordable option for consumers [35] Question: What is the impact of rising interest rates on new supply? - Management noted that rising interest rates are putting pressure on new supply, with fewer projects being approved and completed [39] Question: How are the recent acquisitions performing relative to expectations? - Acquired assets are performing 5% to 10% above initial underwriting expectations, contributing to revised guidance [49]
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2022 Q1 - Quarterly Report
2022-05-05 20:34
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022 OR (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 8400 East Prentice Avenue, 9th Floor Greenwood Village, Colorado 80111 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) (720) 630-2600 ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period ...
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2021 Q4 - Annual Report
2022-02-25 22:09
Portfolio and Acquisitions - As of December 31, 2021, the company operated a portfolio of 1,050 self-storage properties across 42 states and Puerto Rico, comprising approximately 67.8 million rentable square feet[20]. - The company acquired 229 consolidated self-storage properties during the year ended December 31, 2021, with 22 acquired from its PROs and 207 from third-party sellers[34]. - The company managed 415 consolidated properties and 177 unconsolidated real estate venture properties as of December 31, 2021[25]. - In 2021, the company acquired 229 self-storage properties, totaling approximately 16 million rentable square feet with a fair value of $2.175 billion[35]. - The 2020 acquisitions included 77 properties, amounting to 4.7 million rentable square feet and a total fair value of $543.3 million[37]. - The company has a captive pipeline of over 130 self-storage properties valued at approximately $1.4 billion, which will drive future growth[48]. - The company operates a total of 873 properties with 428,723 units, offering 55,118,704 square feet of rentable space and achieving an overall occupancy rate of 92.6%[164]. - As of December 31, 2021, the company owned 873 self-storage properties across 39 states and Puerto Rico, comprising approximately 55.1 million rentable square feet[200]. Financial Performance - Net income for the year ended December 31, 2021, was $146.9 million, an increase of $67.4 million from $79.5 million in 2020, primarily due to increased net operating income from newly acquired self-storage properties[211]. - Total revenue increased by $153.4 million, or 35.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to 2020, driven by revenue from 229 self-storage properties acquired during the year and increased management fees[214]. - The same store portfolio rental revenue increased to $423.974 million in 2021 from $368.185 million in 2020, a change of $55.789 million[212]. - Total net operating income rose to $406.032 million in 2021, up from $285.698 million in 2020, reflecting a $120.334 million increase[212]. - Rental revenue increased by $146.9 million, or 37.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the previous year, driven by acquisitions and increased occupancy rates[215]. - Other property-related revenue increased by $5.2 million, or 36.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2021, primarily due to increases from newly acquired properties[216]. - Management fees and other revenue rose to $24.4 million, an increase of $1.3 million or 5.8%, attributed to growth in unconsolidated real estate venture revenue[217]. Operational Strategy - The company aims to recruit one to three additional established self-storage operators to enhance its geographic footprint and enter new regional markets[23]. - The company internalized the management of properties previously managed by Northwest Self Storage, which included 93 properties in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington[24]. - The company’s property management platform allows for centralized initiatives, including revenue enhancement and cost optimization programs[23]. - The company aims to maximize property-level cash flow by leveraging economies of scale and implementing new ideas from its Technology and Best Practices Group[47]. - The company plans to recruit additional PROs in key markets to enhance its growth strategy and diversify its portfolio[51]. Market Position and Competition - The company believes its national platform provides a competitive growth advantage over self-storage companies that do not offer property owners participation in performance[22]. - The company’s properties are located in high-quality sub-markets with strong cash flows, less sensitive to economic fluctuations[33]. - The company competes with other self-storage properties within a three to five mile radius based on location, rental rates, and security[74]. - The company faces competition from national, regional, and local owners, operators, and developers of self-storage properties, which may impact occupancy and rental rates[89]. Financing and Debt - As of December 31, 2021, the company's unsecured credit facility allowed for total borrowings of $1.550 billion, with $490 million drawn under the revolving line of credit[54]. - The company has a total credit facility of $1.750 billion, with an expansion option under the credit facility[55]. - The company has approximately $2.9 billion of debt outstanding, with about $615.0 million (20.9%) subject to variable interest rates[132]. - The company expects to maintain a flexible financing strategy for property acquisitions, utilizing a mix of bank borrowings and equity issuances[53]. - The company may face difficulties accessing capital necessary to fund its business due to financial market instability and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic[115]. Regulatory and Compliance Risks - The company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, which allows it to avoid U.S. federal income tax on net taxable income if it distributes all of its net taxable income to shareholders[73]. - To qualify as a REIT, the company must distribute at least 90% of its net taxable income to shareholders, which may limit its ability to make advantageous investments[145]. - The company is subject to a 4% non-deductible excise tax if distributions fall below a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws[143]. - Legislative or regulatory tax changes related to REITs could materially and adversely affect the company's business and shareholder returns[151]. Employee and Management Structure - As of December 31, 2021, the company had 1,175 employees, excluding those employed by its PROs[79]. - Approximately 59% of the company's employees were women as of December 31, 2021, and 32% of the senior management team were women[78]. - Key personnel retention is critical for the company's success, with employment agreements in place for senior management, but no assurance of their continued employment[105]. Risks and Challenges - The COVID-19 pandemic poses various risks, including tenant defaults and reduced economic activity, which could adversely impact financial condition and cash flows[109][110]. - The company is dependent on automated information technology processes, making it vulnerable to cyber-attacks that could disrupt operations and compromise sensitive data[94]. - The company may incur significant costs to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which could adversely affect financial condition and cash flow[96]. - Environmental compliance costs and liabilities may arise from operating properties, potentially impacting results of operations[97]. - The illiquidity of real estate investments may significantly hinder the company's ability to respond to adverse changes in property performance[104].
National Storage Affiliates(NSA) - 2021 Q4 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-02-22 23:41
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - In Q4 2021, core FFO per share increased by 39% year-over-year to $0.64, marking the highest quarterly earnings growth in the company's history [17][18] - Same store NOI growth was over 20% in Q4, with full-year NOI growth at 19.8%, the highest in the self-storage industry [7][18] - Total shareholder return for 2021 was 98%, with dividends raised by 29% throughout the year [8] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company achieved acquisition volume of over $1 billion in Q4, bringing total acquisition volume for 2021 to $2.2 billion, the highest in its history [7][9] - Same store occupancy averaged 95.5% in Q4, an increase of 360 basis points compared to Q4 2020 [17] - Revenue increased by 17.4% in Q4, while property operating expenses rose by 6.5% [17] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Street rates averaged 25% higher in Q4 compared to the previous year, with contract rates improving by about 12% [13][14] - Occupancy levels remained high, with a slight decline of 190 basis points from June to February, aligning with seasonal trends [14][36] - The company expects competition from new supply in certain markets, but overall supply impacts are anticipated to remain muted through 2022 and into 2023 [15] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company plans to maintain disciplined underwriting and focus on acquiring assets that add long-term value, despite increased competition and compressed cap rates [11][33] - The internalization of the Northwest self-storage PRO is expected to be accretive to core FFO by approximately $0.02 per share in 2022 [9][20] - The company anticipates double-digit same-store NOI growth and 20% growth in core FFO per share for 2022, building on the momentum from 2021 [11][19] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the strong fundamentals of the self-storage industry, despite potential moderation in growth rates following a record 2021 [12][14] - The company is cautiously optimistic about 2022, with a significant number of transactions still in the pipeline, but is being selective due to market conditions [33] - Management noted that while the cost of capital remains attractive, it is not as favorable as in the previous year, leading to a more cautious approach to acquisitions [33] Other Important Information - The company reported a leverage ratio of 6.1 times net debt to EBITDA, which is expected to adjust to about 5.7 times when accounting for the full period effect of recent acquisitions [22][64] - The company has significant opportunities for growth and efficiency from integrating the record number of assets acquired in 2021 [11] Q&A Session Summary Question: Can you share details on the internalization of Northwest self-storage? - The internalization involves converting subordinated performance equity to OP equity, eliminating management fees, and is expected to be accretive to FFO [24] Question: What is the current performance of the portfolio? - The portfolio has maintained strong occupancy levels with only a slight decline, and street rates remain positive [25] Question: How do you view the acquisition guidance for 2022? - The company is seeing significant activity but is cautious due to compressed cap rates and the need to integrate previous acquisitions [33] Question: What is the expected impact of new supply on the market? - New supply is expected to remain muted, with some pressure in top MSAs, but overall impacts are not anticipated to be significant [15][72] Question: How is the company managing rent increases? - The company has been assertive with rent increases, maintaining frequency and magnitude similar to the previous year [59] Question: What is the outlook for occupancy throughout 2022? - The company expects to see some seasonal trends but anticipates maintaining a positive year-over-year occupancy spread [36]