[Filing Information](index=1&type=section&id=Filing%20Information) [Form 10-Q Details](index=1&type=section&id=Form%2010-Q%20Details) Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. files this Q2 2025 Form 10-Q, classified as a non-accelerated and smaller reporting company - The report is a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended **June 30, 2025**[2](index=2&type=chunk) - Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. is incorporated in Delaware, with its common stock (STOK) registered on the **Nasdaq Global Select Market**[2](index=2&type=chunk)[3](index=3&type=chunk) - The company is classified as a **non-accelerated filer** and a **smaller reporting company**[3](index=3&type=chunk)[4](index=4&type=chunk) Filer Status Classification | Filer Status | Mark | | :-------------------- | :--- | | Large accelerated filer | ☐ | | Accelerated filer | ☐ | | Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | | Smaller reporting company | ☒ | | Emerging growth company | ☐ | - As of **July 31, 2025**, there were **54,797,418 shares of common stock outstanding**[4](index=4&type=chunk) [Forward-Looking Statements](index=4&type=section&id=FORWARD-LOOKING%20STATEMENTS) [Nature and Risks of Forward-Looking Statements](index=4&type=section&id=Nature%20and%20Risks%20of%20Forward-Looking%20Statements) This section outlines forward-looking statements, subject to inherent risks and uncertainties regarding future operations, financial position, and product development - The report contains forward-looking statements concerning future operations, financial position, business strategy, prospective products, clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and research and development costs[9](index=9&type=chunk) - These statements are based on management's beliefs and assumptions but are subject to various known and unknown risks and uncertainties[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Risks include the ability to become profitable and procure sufficient funding[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Impact of inflation, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, geopolitical conflict, and macroeconomic conditions on business and operations[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize product candidates like zorevunersen (STK-001) and STK-002[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success in early preclinical/clinical studies may not be indicative of later results[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success of collaborations with Biogen and Acadia Pharmaceuticals[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement for approved products[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to identify and enroll patients in trials[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success of TANGO technology to expand the pipeline[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to obtain, maintain, and protect intellectual property[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Reliance on intellectual property licensed from third parties[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to identify, recruit, and retain key personnel[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Financial performance and competitive developments[11](index=11&type=chunk) [PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION](index=6&type=section&id=PART%20I.%20FINANCIAL%20INFORMATION) [Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)](index=6&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Financial%20Statements%20(Unaudited)) This section presents the unaudited consolidated financial statements, including balance sheets, statements of operations, equity, and cash flows, with notes [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=6&type=section&id=Consolidated%20balance%20sheets) The consolidated balance sheets show total assets increased by **$112.953 million**, driven by marketable securities, and accumulated deficit decreased by **$89.396 million** Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :---------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | **Assets** | | | | Cash and cash equivalents | $101,472 | $127,983 | | Marketable securities - current | $146,236 | $88,916 | | Total current assets | $269,970 | $232,756 | | Marketable securities - long-term | $107,256 | $29,824 | | Total assets | $384,508 | $271,555 | | **Liabilities** | | | | Accounts payable | $4,313 | $2,498 | | Accrued and other current liabilities | $25,616 | $18,567 | | Deferred revenue - current portion | $8,749 | $18,991 | | Total current liabilities | $38,678 | $40,056 | | Deferred revenue - net of current portion | $9,632 | — | | Total liabilities | $49,565 | $42,534 | | **Stockholders' Equity** | | | | Additional paid-in capital | $736,276 | $719,997 | | Accumulated deficit | $(401,434) | $(490,830) | | Total stockholders' equity | $334,943 | $229,021 | | Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $384,508 | $271,555 | - Total assets increased by **$112.953 million** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025, primarily driven by an increase in marketable securities[15](index=15&type=chunk) - Accumulated deficit decreased by **$89.396 million**, reflecting a net income during the period[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20operations%20and%20comprehensive%20income%20(loss)) Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025, surged by **$163.338 million**, resulting in a net income of **$89.397 million**, a significant turnaround from a prior-year net loss Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (in thousands of US dollars, except per share amounts) | Item | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :---------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Revenue | $13,817 | $4,831 | $172,386 | $9,048 | | Research and development | $25,855 | $21,136 | $58,531 | $43,504 | | General and administrative | $15,262 | $13,037 | $29,915 | $23,258 | | Total operating expenses | $41,117 | $34,173 | $88,446 | $66,762 | | Income (loss) from operations | $(27,300) | $(29,342) | $83,940 | $(57,714) | | Net income (loss) | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | | Basic EPS | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | $1.54 | $(1.02) | | Diluted EPS | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | $1.50 | $(1.02) | - Revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2025, increased by **$8.986 million (186%)** compared to the same period in 2024[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025, increased significantly by **$163.338 million (1805%)** compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to the Biogen collaboration[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2025, improved by **$2.212 million (8.6%)** compared to the same period in 2024[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2025, was **$89.397 million**, a substantial improvement from a net loss of **$52.069 million** in the same period in 2024[18](index=18&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity](index=8&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20stockholders'%20equity) Total stockholders' equity increased to **$334.943 million** by June 30, 2025, primarily due to net income and stock-based compensation, reducing the accumulated deficit Changes in Stockholders' Equity (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 (Change) | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 (Change) | | :-------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- | | Total stockholders' equity (Dec 31, 2024/2023) | $229,021 | $159,565 | | Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities | $247 | $(15) | | Stock-based compensation | $14,351 | $12,837 | | Issuance of common stock (options/ESPP) | $1,558 | $1,016 | | Issuance of common stock (follow-on offering) | — | $119,884 | | Net income (loss) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | | Total stockholders' equity (June 30, 2025/2024) | $334,943 | $242,709 | - Total stockholders' equity increased from **$229.021 million** at December 31, 2024, to **$334.943 million** at June 30, 2025, primarily due to net income and stock-based compensation[21](index=21&type=chunk) - Additional paid-in capital increased by **$16.279 million** during the six months ended June 30, 2025, mainly from stock-based compensation and stock option exercises[21](index=21&type=chunk) - Accumulated deficit decreased by **$89.396 million** due to net income for the six months ended June 30, 2025[21](index=21&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=9&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20cash%20flows) Operating activities generated **$106.405 million** in cash for the six months ended June 30, 2025, a significant improvement driven by net income Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands of US dollars) | Activity | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :---------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $106,405 | $(42,043) | | Net cash used in investing activities | $(134,845) | $(78,290) | | Net cash provided by financing activities | $1,928 | $122,367 | | Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $(26,512) | $2,034 | | Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period | $102,268 | $194,045 | - Operating activities provided **$106.405 million** in cash for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to net income of **$89.4 million** and non-cash charges[24](index=24&type=chunk) - Investing activities used **$134.845 million**, mainly from **$200.6 million** in marketable securities purchases, partially offset by **$66.0 million** from sales[24](index=24&type=chunk) - Financing activities provided **$1.928 million**, significantly lower than **$122.367 million** in the prior year, which included proceeds from a follow-on offering[24](index=24&type=chunk) [Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements](index=10&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20unaudited%20consolidated%20financial%20statements) [Note 1. Nature of the Business](index=10&type=section&id=Note%201.%20Nature%20of%20the%20business) Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. is a late-stage clinical company developing RNA-based medicines, facing typical biotechnology risks and expecting continued losses, but has sufficient cash for at least 12 months - Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. is a late-stage clinical-stage company developing RNA-based medicines to upregulate protein expression for severe diseases[27](index=27&type=chunk) - Filed a universal Shelf Registration statement on Form S-3 in May 2022, declared effective May 31, 2022, for up to **$400.0 million** in securities, including **$150.0 million** of common stock under a Sales Agreement; as of June 30, 2025, approximately **7.0 million shares** were issued for net proceeds of **$61.0 million**[28](index=28&type=chunk) - Completed an underwritten public offering in April 2024, selling **5,555,557 shares** of common stock and pre-funded warrants for approximately **$119.9 million** net proceeds[29](index=29&type=chunk) - Filed an automatic universal Shelf Registration statement on Form S-3 in October 2024, which became ineffective after the 2024 10-K filing; no shares were issued under this statement as of June 30, 2025[30](index=30&type=chunk) - Filed a new universal Shelf Registration statement on Form S-3 in July 2025, declared effective July 11, 2025[31](index=31&type=chunk) - The company is subject to risks common to early-stage biotechnology companies, including development challenges, dependence on key personnel, intellectual property protection, regulatory compliance, and the need for additional capital[32](index=32&type=chunk) - Operating losses and negative cash flows are expected to continue, but current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities are projected to fund operations for at least **12 months** from the issuance date of the financial statements[33](index=33&type=chunk)[34](index=34&type=chunk) [Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements](index=12&type=section&id=Note%202.%20Summary%20of%20significant%20accounting%20policies%20and%20recent%20accounting%20pronouncements) Financial statements are unaudited, prepared under U.S. GAAP, and involve estimates; the company, as a 'smaller reporting company,' follows ASC 606 for revenue recognition - Unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with **U.S. GAAP** for interim financial information, including normal recurring adjustments[35](index=35&type=chunk)[36](index=36&type=chunk) - Management uses estimates and assumptions that affect reported financial amounts, which are periodically reviewed[37](index=37&type=chunk) - Cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with original maturities of **three months or less**; restricted cash collateralizes letters of credit for corporate facility leases[38](index=38&type=chunk) Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | | :-------------------------------------- | :------------ | :------------ | | Cash and cash equivalents | $101,472 | $193,476 | | Restricted cash - current | $75 | $75 | | Restricted cash - long-term | $721 | $494 | | Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $102,268 | $194,045 | - The company qualifies as a **'smaller reporting company'** due to market value of stock held by non-affiliates being less than **$700.0 million** and annual revenue less than **$100.0 million**, allowing for reduced disclosure obligations[40](index=40&type=chunk) - Revenue recognition follows **ASC 606**, involving a five-step model to identify contracts, performance obligations, transaction price, allocation, and recognition upon satisfaction of obligations[41](index=41&type=chunk) - Variable consideration, including pre-commercial milestone payments, is included in the transaction price if a significant revenue reversal is improbable; sales-based royalties are recognized when related sales occur or performance obligations are satisfied[43](index=43&type=chunk)[44](index=44&type=chunk)[45](index=45&type=chunk) [Note 3. Fair Value Measurements](index=16&type=section&id=Note%203.%20Fair%20value%20measurements) Financial assets are measured at fair value, with cash equivalents as Level 1 and marketable securities as Level 2, and no transfers to Level 3 occurred Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2025 (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | | :-------------------- | :------- | :--------- | :------ | :--------- | | Cash equivalents: | | | | | | Money market funds | $94,056 | — | — | $94,056 | | Marketable Securities:| | | | | | Corporate bonds | — | $71,076 | — | $71,076 | | Commercial paper | — | $17,092 | — | $17,092 | | US Government debt securities | — | $165,324 | — | $165,324 | | Total | $94,056 | $253,492 | — | $347,548 | Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | | :-------------------- | :-------- | :--------- | :------ | :--------- | | Cash equivalents: | | | | | | Money market funds | $122,446 | — | — | $122,446 | | Marketable Securities:| | | | | | Corporate bonds | — | $18,668 | — | $18,668 | | Commercial paper | — | $6,944 | — | $6,944 | | US Government debt securities | — | $93,128 | — | $93,128 | | Total | $122,446 | $118,740 | — | $241,186 | - Money market funds are classified as **Level 1**, while marketable securities (corporate bonds, commercial paper, US Government debt securities) are classified as **Level 2**, valued using industry-standard models with observable inputs[51](index=51&type=chunk)[52](index=52&type=chunk) - No transfers to **Level 3** occurred during the periods presented[53](index=53&type=chunk) [Note 4. Marketable Securities](index=18&type=section&id=Note%204.%20Marketable%20securities) As of June 30, 2025, the company's marketable securities totaled **$253.492 million**, primarily consisting of US Government debt securities, corporate bonds, and commercial paper, with a weighted average maturity of **1.01 years** Marketable Securities as of June 30, 2025 (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | | :---------------------------- | :------------- | :--------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Corporate bonds | $71,019 | $96 | $(39) | $71,076 | | Commercial paper | $17,102 | — | $(10) | $17,092 | | US Government debt securities | $165,275 | $144 | $(95) | $165,324 | | Total | $253,396 | $240 | $(144) | $253,492 | Marketable Securities as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | | :---------------------------- | :------------- | :--------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Corporate bonds | $18,786 | — | $(118) | $18,668 | | Commercial paper | $6,947 | — | $(3) | $6,944 | | US Government debt securities | $93,158 | $94 | $(124) | $93,128 | | Total | $118,891 | $94 | $(245) | $118,740 | - The weighted average maturity of marketable securities as of **June 30, 2025**, was **1.01 years**[55](index=55&type=chunk) - No allowance for credit losses or other-than-temporary impairment losses were recorded for marketable securities[56](index=56&type=chunk) [Note 5. Accrued and Other Current Liabilities](index=18&type=section&id=Note%205.%20Accrued%20and%20other%20current%20liabilities) Accrued and other current liabilities increased to **$25.616 million** as of June 30, 2025, from **$18.567 million** at December 31, 2024, primarily due to a significant increase in accrued research and development costs Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Accrued employee compensation costs | $5,115 | $7,686 | | Accrued professional costs | $1,049 | $1,108 | | Accrued research and development costs | $15,406 | $6,698 | | Current portion of operating lease liabilities | $2,296 | $2,322 | | Other current liabilities | $1,750 | $753 | | Total | $25,616 | $18,567 | - Accrued research and development costs increased by **$8.708 million (130%)** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025[57](index=57&type=chunk) - Accrued employee compensation costs decreased by **$2.571 million (33.4%)** during the same period[57](index=57&type=chunk) [Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies](index=18&type=section&id=Note%206.%20Commitments%20and%20contingencies) The company has operating lease agreements totaling **$5.827 million** and commitments under a license agreement with the University of Southampton, including a **$8.2 million** sublicense fee liability - The company accounts for operating leases by recognizing right-of-use assets and liabilities based on the present value of future minimum lease payments[58](index=58&type=chunk) - Extended a **38,000 square foot** lease until **December 31, 2026**, recognizing a **$4.1 million** right-of-use asset and operating lease liability in December 2023[61](index=61&type=chunk) - A **4,842 square foot** lease expired on **June 30, 2025**[63](index=63&type=chunk) - Entered a new lease for **7,581 square feet** in January 2025, commencing July 8, 2025, for an initial term of three years and three months, with two three-year renewal options; a right-of-use asset was not recognized as of June 30, 2025, as access had not been granted[64](index=64&type=chunk) Future Minimum Lease Payments (in thousands of US dollars) | Year | Amount | | :------------------ | :----- | | 2025 | $1,402 | | 2026 | $3,251 | | 2027 | $701 | | 2028 | $473 | | Total lease payments| $5,827 | | Less imputed interest | $(543) | | Present value of lease liabilities | $5,284 | Lease Balances as of June 30, 2025 (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Amount | | :--------------------------------- | :----- | | Operating right-of-use assets | $3,218 | | Current Portion of operating lease liabilities | $2,296 | | Non-current portion of operating lease liabilities | $1,255 | | Total operating lease liabilities | $3,551 | - Weighted average remaining lease term is **2.1 years**, and the weighted average discount rate is **10.25%**[67](index=67&type=chunk) - Lease expense was **$0.7 million** for both the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and **$1.4 million** for both the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024[68](index=68&type=chunk) - Under the Southampton Agreement, the company acquired exclusive worldwide rights to foundational TANGO technology and may owe milestone payments and royalties on future product sales; a liability of **$8.2 million** was recorded for a sublicense fee due to the Biogen agreement[69](index=69&type=chunk) [Note 7. License and Collaboration Agreements](index=21&type=section&id=Note%207.%20License%20and%20collaboration%20agreements) The company has significant collaboration agreements with Acadia Pharmaceuticals and Biogen, generating **$155.6 million** and **$16.8 million** in revenue respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2025 - The Acadia Agreement (January 2022) focuses on RNA-based medicines for SYNGAP1, MECP2 (Rett syndrome), and an undisclosed neurodevelopmental target, with an upfront payment of **$60.0 million** and potential milestones up to **$907.5 million**[70](index=70&type=chunk)[71](index=71&type=chunk) - Acadia elected to discontinue the MECP2 and undisclosed neurodevelopmental target programs in **May 2025**, leading to **$5.7 million** in revenue recognized for the three months ended June 30, 2025, related to the upfront fee for these programs[76](index=76&type=chunk) - The Biogen Agreement (February 2025) is for joint development and commercialization of zorevunersen and other SCN1A gene compounds, with an upfront payment of **$165.0 million** and potential development and commercial milestones totaling up to **$385.0 million**[78](index=78&type=chunk)[80](index=80&type=chunk) - The company leads global development for zorevunersen, sharing **70%** of development costs, with Biogen covering **30%**[79](index=79&type=chunk) - The Biogen agreement's initial transaction price under **ASC 606** was **$243.4 million**, comprising the upfront payment and estimated variable consideration for Global Development Activities[84](index=84&type=chunk) Biogen Agreement Revenue Recognition (in thousands of US dollars) | Performance Obligation | Transaction Price Allocated | Revenue Recognized (Three Months Ended June 30, 2025) | Revenue Recognized (Six Months Ended June 30, 2025) | | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- | | IP License | $150,779 | — | $150,779 | | Global Development Activity | $92,644 | $3,197 | $4,839 | | Total | $243,423 | $3,197 | $155,618 | - As of **June 30, 2025**, **$13.5 million** in upfront consideration from the Biogen Agreement relates to unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations[90](index=90&type=chunk) [Note 8. Equity Incentive Plans](index=25&type=section&id=Note%208.%20Equity%20incentive%20plans) The company operates under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan and 2023 Inducement Plan, with **1,855,121** and **2,000,400** shares available respectively, incurring **$14.351 million** in stock-based compensation for the six months ended June 30, 2025 - The **2019 Equity Incentive Plan** automatically increases shares reserved by **4%** of outstanding common stock annually[91](index=91&type=chunk) - The **2023 Inducement Plan** was amended in June 2025 to add **2,000,000 shares** for newly hired employees, totaling **3,000,000 shares**[92](index=92&type=chunk) - As of **June 30, 2025**, **1,855,121 shares** were available under the 2019 Plan and **2,000,400 shares** under the 2023 Plan[94](index=94&type=chunk) - During the three months ended **June 30, 2025**, **407,482 stock options** were granted, vesting over up to **four years**[95](index=95&type=chunk) Stock-Based Compensation Expense (in thousands of US dollars) | Expense Category | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :-------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Research and development | $2,688 | $2,924 | $5,488 | $5,015 | | General and administrative | $4,910 | $4,503 | $8,863 | $7,822 | | Total | $7,598 | $7,427 | $14,351 | $12,837 | - Unrecognized compensation cost for unvested stock options was **$36.1 million** (weighted average period of **2.7 years**), and for RSUs/PSUs was **$18.6 million** and **$0.9 million** respectively (weighted average period of **2.7 years**) as of **June 30, 2025**[96](index=96&type=chunk) - The **2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)** had **2,065,913 shares** available for issuance as of **June 30, 2025**; ESPP stock-based compensation expense was **$0.1 million** for the three months and **$0.3 million** for the six months ended June 30, 2025[98](index=98&type=chunk) [Note 9. Net Income (Loss) Per Share](index=27&type=section&id=Note%209.%20Net%20income%20(loss)%20per%20share) For the six months ended June 30, 2025, the company reported basic EPS of **$1.54** and diluted EPS of **$1.50**, reflecting net income, while other periods showed net losses with anti-dilutive securities Net Income (Loss) Per Share (in thousands of US dollars, except share and per share amounts) | Item | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net income (loss) | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | | Weighted-average common shares, basic | 58,353,855 | 55,765,948 | 58,109,622 | 51,288,222 | | Weighted-average common shares, diluted | 58,353,855 | 55,765,948 | 59,681,472 | 51,288,222 | | Net income (loss) per share, basic | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | $1.54 | $(1.02) | | Net income (loss) per share, diluted | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | $1.50 | $(1.02) | - For periods with net losses (three months ended **June 30, 2025** and **2024**, and six months ended **June 30, 2024**), potential dilutive securities were excluded from diluted EPS calculation as their effect would be anti-dilutive[100](index=100&type=chunk) Anti-Dilutive Securities Excluded from Diluted EPS (Outstanding at June 30, in thousands of shares) | Item | 2025 (Three Months) | 2024 (Three Months) | 2025 (Six Months) | 2024 (Six Months) | | :--------------------------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :---------------- | :---------------- | | Outstanding options to purchase common stock | 9,523,757 | 8,064,604 | 7,408,212 | 8,064,604 |\ | Restricted stock units | 1,797,643 | 2,018,957 | 544,976 | 2,018,957 | | Performance stock units | 219,000 | 372,000 | — | 372,000 | | Total | 11,540,400 | 10,455,561 | 7,953,188 | 10,455,561 | [Note 10. Income Taxes](index=29&type=section&id=Note%2010.%20Income%20taxes) For the six months ended June 30, 2025, the company recorded **$1.278 million** in federal and state tax expense due to Biogen collaboration income, offset by NOLs, with a full valuation allowance maintained - For the six months ended **June 30, 2025**, the company recorded **$1.1 million** in federal and **$0.1 million** in state tax expense, totaling **$1.278 million**, due to income from the Biogen collaboration[103](index=103&type=chunk) - Tax expense was offset by the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs)[103](index=103&type=chunk) - A full valuation allowance has been provided for net deferred tax assets as of **June 30, 2025**, and **December 31, 2024**, indicating that future tax benefits are not considered more likely than not to be realized[103](index=103&type=chunk) [Note 11. Segment Information](index=29&type=section&id=Note%2011.%20Segment%20Information) The company operates as a single reportable segment, 'Stoke,' focused on RNA-based medicines, with performance assessed by consolidated net income/loss and total assets, having generated no product revenue since inception - The company operates as a single reportable segment, **'Stoke,'** focused on discovering and developing RNA-based medicines using the TANGO approach[104](index=104&type=chunk)[105](index=105&type=chunk) - The CODM (Interim Chief Executive Officer) allocates resources and assesses performance based on consolidated net income/loss and total consolidated assets[105](index=105&type=chunk)[106](index=106&type=chunk) - The segment has not generated any product revenue since inception[104](index=104&type=chunk) Segment Net Income (Loss) (in thousands of US dollars) | Item | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :------------------------ | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Revenue | $13,817 | $4,831 | $172,386 | $9,048 | | Total operating expenses | $(41,117) | $(34,173) | $(88,446) | $(66,762) | | Total other segment items | $3,817 | $3,647 | $5,457 | $5,645 | | Segment net income (loss) | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | [Note 12. Subsequent Events](index=30&type=section&id=Note%2012.%20Subsequent%20events) In July 2025, the company filed a universal Shelf Registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective by the SEC on July 11, 2025 - In **July 2025**, the company filed a universal Shelf Registration statement on Form S-3 (the '2025 Registration Statement'), which was declared effective by the **SEC** on **July 11, 2025**[31](index=31&type=chunk)[109](index=109&type=chunk) [Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=31&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) Management discusses financial condition and operational results, focusing on RNA-based medicines, collaborations, tax impacts, liquidity, and future funding needs [Overview](index=31&type=section&id=Overview) Stoke Therapeutics, a late-stage clinical company, focuses on RNA-based medicines like zorevunersen (Phase 3) and STK-002, with **$355.0 million** in liquidity projected to fund operations until mid-2028, despite expected continued losses - Stoke Therapeutics is a late-stage clinical company focused on RNA-based medicines using its TANGO approach to restore protein levels for severe diseases[112](index=112&type=chunk) - Zorevunersen (STK-001) is the lead investigational medicine in **Phase 3** clinical testing for Dravet syndrome, with the EMPEROR study initiated in **May 2025**[113](index=113&type=chunk)[114](index=114&type=chunk) - Open-label extension (OLE) studies for zorevunersen have shown substantial and durable reductions in convulsive seizure frequency and continuous improvements in cognition and behavior through **three years**[115](index=115&type=chunk) - STK-002 is the clinical candidate for autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), designed to upregulate OPA1 protein expression; a **Phase 1** study (OSPREY) is authorized in the UK, with first patient enrollment planned for **H2 2025**[116](index=116&type=chunk) - As of **June 30, 2025**, the company had **$355.0 million** in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, projected to fund operations to **mid-2028**[122](index=122&type=chunk)[125](index=125&type=chunk) - Net losses were **$23.5 million** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and **$25.7 million** for the three months ended June 30, 2024[123](index=123&type=chunk) - Net income was **$89.4 million** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to a net loss of **$52.1 million** for the six months ended June 30, 2024[123](index=123&type=chunk) - Accumulated deficit was **$401.4 million** as of June 30, 2025[123](index=123&type=chunk) - The company expects continued net losses and increased R&D, G&A, and capital expenditures, necessitating future financing through equity offerings, debt, or collaborations[124](index=124&type=chunk)[125](index=125&type=chunk) [Program Update](index=34&type=section&id=Program%20Update) Recent Dravet Syndrome program updates for zorevunersen (STK-001) show substantial and durable reductions in convulsive seizure frequency and continued cognitive improvements over three years in OLE studies - New positive findings from long-term open-label extension (OLE) studies of zorevunersen in children and adolescents with Dravet syndrome were announced in **August**[126](index=126&type=chunk) - Substantial and durable reductions in convulsive seizure frequency were observed through **three years** of zorevunersen treatment, on top of standard-of-care medicines[127](index=127&type=chunk) - Continued improvements in cognition and behavior were demonstrated during the **3-year OLE period**, as shown in Exhibit 2 (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, Third Edition)[127](index=127&type=chunk)[115](index=115&type=chunk) [Financial Operations Overview](index=36&type=section&id=Financial%20operations%20overview) Operating as a single segment, the company generates revenue from collaborations (Biogen: **$155.6 million**, Acadia: **$16.8 million** for H1 2025), with R&D and G&A expenses expected to increase, and other income primarily from interest - The company operates as one reportable segment and has not generated any product revenue since inception[132](index=132&type=chunk) - Revenue is generated from collaboration and licensing agreements, primarily with Biogen and Acadia[132](index=132&type=chunk)[133](index=133&type=chunk)[136](index=136&type=chunk) - Biogen Agreement (February 2025): **$165.0 million** upfront payment, eligible for up to **$50.0 million** in development milestones and **$335.0 million** in commercial milestones, plus tiered double-digit royalties; recognized **$155.6 million** in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025[133](index=133&type=chunk)[134](index=134&type=chunk)[135](index=135&type=chunk) - Acadia Agreement (January 2022): **$60.0 million** upfront payment, eligible for up to **$907.5 million** in potential milestones and tiered royalties; Acadia discontinued two programs (MECP2 and undisclosed neurodevelopmental target) in May 2025, but the SYNGAP1 collaboration continues; recognized **$16.8 million** in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025[136](index=136&type=chunk)[137](index=137&type=chunk)[138](index=138&type=chunk] - Research and development expenses are expected to increase substantially due to planned discovery work, preclinical and clinical development activities, and investments in manufacturing[139](index=139&type=chunk)[141](index=141&type=chunk) - General and administrative expenses are expected to increase to support R&D, manufacturing, public company operations, and potential commercialization[146](index=146&type=chunk) - Other income (expense) primarily includes interest income from cash reserves and marketable securities[147](index=147&type=chunk) [Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024](index=40&type=section&id=Results%20of%20operations%20for%20the%20three%20months%20ended%20June%2030,%202025%20and%202024) For Q2 2025, revenue increased to **$13.8 million** from **$4.8 million**, driven by collaborations, while R&D and G&A expenses rose, leading to an improved net loss of **$23.5 million** Results of Operations (Three Months Ended June 30, in thousands of US dollars) | Item | 2025 | 2024 | | :---------------------------- | :---------- | :---------- | | Revenue | $13,817 | $4,831 | | Research and development | $25,855 | $21,136 | | General and administrative | $15,262 | $13,037 | | Total operating expenses | $41,117 | $34,173 | | Loss from operations | $(27,300) | $(29,342) | | Net loss | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | - Revenue increased by **$9.0 million (186%)** to **$13.8 million**, driven by **$3.2 million** from Biogen global development activities and **$5.8 million** from the Acadia Agreement[150](index=150&type=chunk)[151](index=151&type=chunk) - Research and development expenses increased by **$4.8 million (22.7%)** to **$25.9 million**, primarily due to a **$2.7 million** increase in personnel-related expenses and a **$2.9 million** increase in zorevunersen program expenses[152](index=152&type=chunk)[153](index=153&type=chunk) - General and administrative expenses increased by **$2.3 million (17.6%)** to **$15.3 million**, mainly due to a **$1.9 million** increase in professional fees and **$0.3 million** in personnel expenses[154](index=154&type=chunk) - Other income (expense) increased slightly to **$3.8 million** from **$3.6 million**[154](index=154&type=chunk) [Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024](index=41&type=section&id=Results%20of%20operations%20for%20the%20six%20months%20ended%20June%2030,%202025%20and%202024) For H1 2025, revenue surged to **$172.4 million** from **$9.0 million**, primarily due to the Biogen IP license, resulting in a net income of **$89.4 million**, a significant turnaround from a prior-year net loss Results of Operations (Six Months Ended June 30, in thousands of US dollars) | Item | 2025 | 2024 | | :---------------------------- | :---------- | :---------- | | Revenue | $172,386 | $9,048 | | Research and development | $58,531 | $43,504 | | General and administrative | $29,915 | $23,258 | | Total operating expenses | $88,446 | $66,762 | | Income (loss) from operations | $83,940 | $(57,714) | | Net income (loss) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | - Revenue increased by **$163.4 million (1805%)** to **$172.4 million**, primarily driven by **$150.8 million** from the Biogen IP license and **$4.9 million** for global development activities, and **$7.7 million** from the Acadia Agreement[156](index=156&type=chunk)[157](index=157&type=chunk) - Research and development expenses increased by **$15.0 million (34.5%)** to **$58.5 million**, mainly due to an **$11.3 million** increase in zorevunersen program expenses and a **$5.8 million** increase in personnel-related expenses[158](index=158&type=chunk)[159](index=159&type=chunk) - General and administrative expenses increased by **$6.6 million (28.4%)** to **$29.9 million**, attributable to a **$4.2 million** increase in professional fees and **$2.2 million** in personnel-related expenses[160](index=160&type=chunk)[161](index=161&type=chunk) - Other income (expense) increased to **$6.7 million** from **$5.6 million**[161](index=161&type=chunk) [Impact of Enacted Tax Legislation](index=42&type=section&id=Impact%20of%20Enacted%20Tax%20Legislation) The 'One Big Beautiful Bill Act' (OBBBA), enacted July 4, 2025, will impact Q3 2025 financial statements by restoring 100% bonus depreciation and immediate R&E expensing, with the full financial effect under assessment - The **'One Big Beautiful Bill Act' (OBBBA)** was signed into law on **July 4, 2025**, and its effects will be reflected in the financial statements for the three months ending **September 30, 2025**[162](index=162&type=chunk)[163](index=163&type=chunk) - Key corporate tax provisions of the OBBBA include the restoration of **100% bonus depreciation** and the introduction of new **Section 174A** permitting immediate expensing of domestic research and experimental (R&E) expenditures[162](index=162&type=chunk) - The company is currently assessing the full financial impact of the OBBBA[163](index=163&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=42&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20capital%20resources) Since inception, the company has raised **$836.6 million**, holding **$355.0 million** in liquidity as of June 30, 2025, projected to fund operations until mid-2028, but anticipates continued losses and future financing needs - Since inception through **June 30, 2025**, operations have been financed by **$836.6 million** from convertible notes, preferred stock, public offerings, sales agreements, and upfront payments from Acadia and Biogen[164](index=164&type=chunk) - As of **June 30, 2025**, the company had **$355.0 million** in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, which is believed to fund operations to **mid-2028**[122](index=122&type=chunk)[164](index=164&type=chunk)[167](index=167&type=chunk) - The company has incurred losses since inception, with an accumulated deficit of **$401.4 million** as of **June 30, 2025**[166](index=166&type=chunk) - Primary cash use is for operating expenses, mainly R&D, and general and administrative expenditures[166](index=166&type=chunk) - Substantial additional funding will be required for future preclinical and clinical development, potential commercialization, and ongoing operations, with financing sought through equity offerings, debt, or collaborations[167](index=167&type=chunk) - Future funding requirements depend on the scope and costs of R&D, clinical trials, regulatory approvals, manufacturing, strategic collaborations, and commercialization activities[168](index=168&type=chunk) - Inability to raise additional funds on favorable terms could lead to delays, reductions, or termination of product development programs[169](index=169&type=chunk) [Cash Flows](index=45&type=section&id=Cash%20flows) For H1 2025, operating activities generated **$106.4 million** in cash, investing activities used **$134.8 million**, and financing activities provided **$1.9 million**, reflecting a significant shift from prior-year trends Summary of Cash Flows (Six Months Ended June 30, in thousands of US dollars) | Activity | 2025 | 2024 | | :------------------------------------------ | :---------- | :---------- | | Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $106,405 | $(42,043) | | Net cash used in investing activities | $(134,845) | $(78,290) | | Net cash provided by financing activities | $1,928 | $122,367 | | Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $(26,512) | $2,034 | - Operating activities provided **$106.4 million** in cash for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to net income of **$89.4 million** and non-cash charges[171](index=171&type=chunk) - Investing activities used **$134.8 million**, mainly from **$200.6 million** in marketable securities purchases, partially offset by **$66.0 million** from sales[173](index=173&type=chunk) - Financing activities provided **$1.9 million**, primarily from stock option exercises and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)[174](index=174&type=chunk) [Contractual Obligations and Commitments](index=45&type=section&id=Contractual%20obligations%20and%20commitments) As of June 30, 2025, contractual obligations include **$5.827 million** in operating lease payments and uncertain milestone/royalty payments under the University of Southampton agreement Contractual Obligations as of June 30, 2025 (in thousands of US dollars) | Obligation | Total | Less Than 1 Year | 1 to 3 Years | 4 to 5 Years | More than 5 Years | | :---------------------- | :------ | :--------------- | :----------- | :----------- | :---------------- | | Operating lease obligations | $5,827 | $1,402 | $4,425 | — | — | | Total | $5,827 | $1,402 | $4,425 | — | — | - Commitments include obligations under the University of Southampton agreement, with future milestone payments and royalties on product sales being contingent and not estimable as of **June 30, 2025**[182](index=182&type=chunk) - Agreements with third-party contract manufacturers and CROs generally provide for termination or cancellation, other than for costs already incurred[183](index=183&type=chunk) [Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements](index=47&type=section&id=Off-balance%20sheet%20arrangements) The company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements during the periods presented - The company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined under **SEC** rules during the periods presented[184](index=184&type=chunk) [Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates](index=47&type=section&id=Critical%20accounting%20policies%20and%20significant%20judgments%20and%20estimates) No significant changes in critical accounting policies and estimates were reported compared to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 18, 2025 - No significant changes in critical accounting policies and estimates were reported compared to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on **March 18, 2025**[186](index=186&type=chunk) [Smaller Reporting Company Status](index=47&type=section&id=Smaller%20reporting%20company%20status) The company maintains its 'smaller reporting company' status, allowing for reduced disclosure obligations, including presenting only two years of audited financial statements and reduced executive compensation disclosures - The company is a **'smaller reporting company'** because its market value of stock held by non-affiliates was less than **$700.0 million** and annual revenue was less than **$100.0 million** as of the last business day of its most recently completed fiscal year[188](index=188&type=chunk) - This status allows for reduced disclosure obligations, such as presenting only two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K and reduced executive compensation disclosures[188](index=188&type=chunk) [Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements](index=49&type=section&id=Recently%20Issued%20Accounting%20Pronouncements) The company will adopt ASU 2023-09 and ASU 2024-03, both effective in future fiscal years, neither of which is expected to have a material financial impact - **ASU 2023-09**, 'Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,' effective for fiscal years beginning after **December 15, 2024**, will be adopted **January 1, 2025**, and is not expected to have a material impact[189](index=189&type=chunk) - **ASU 2024-03**, 'Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures,' effective for fiscal years beginning after **December 15, 2026**, is not expected to have a material impact[190](index=190&type=chunk) [Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=50&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) The company's primary market risk is interest rate sensitivity, but due to short-term maturities of its **$355.0 million** in cash and equivalents, a 10% interest rate increase is not expected to significantly impact investment value - The company's primary market risk is interest rate sensitivity, affected by changes in **U.S. interest rates**[192](index=192&type=chunk) - As of **June 30, 2025**, cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaled **$355.0 million**[192](index=192&type=chunk) - Due to the short-term maturities of cash and cash equivalents, an immediate **10% increase** in interest rates is not expected to have a significant impact on investment value[192](index=192&type=chunk) - Inflation has not had a material effect on the business, financial condition, or results of operations during the periods ended **June 30, 2025** and **2024**[193](index=193&type=chunk) [Item 4. Controls and Procedures](index=50&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) Management concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2025, with no material changes in internal control over financial reporting, acknowledging inherent limitations - Management, including the Chief Financial Officer and Interim Chief Executive Officer, concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of **June 30, 2025**[194](index=194&type=chunk) - No material changes in internal control over financial reporting occurred during the period covered by the report[195](index=195&type=chunk) - Internal controls, regardless of design, provide only reasonable assurance of achieving objectives, and management applies judgment in evaluating cost-benefit relationships[196](index=196&type=chunk) [PART II. OTHER INFORMATION](index=51&type=section&id=PART%20II.%20OTHER%20INFORMATION) [Item 1. Legal Proceedings](index=51&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) The company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings deemed to have a material adverse effect, though litigation, regardless of outcome, can negatively impact the business - The company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on its business[198](index=198&type=chunk) - Litigation, regardless of outcome, can adversely impact the company due to defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and negative publicity[198](index=198&type=chunk) [Item 1A. Risk Factors](index=51&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) This section outlines various risks to an investment in the company's common stock, covering product development, regulatory approval, commercialization, financial position, intellectual property, employee matters, growth management, and stock ownership [Summary of Risk Factors](index=51&type=section&id=Summary%20of%20Risk%20Factors) This summary highlights key risks including early-stage development, clinical trial uncertainty, regulatory approval challenges, market acceptance, funding needs, intellectual property protection, and stock price volatility - Early stage of development; inability to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize product candidates (zorevunersen, STK-002) could materially harm the business[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Success in early preclinical/clinical trials may not predict later results[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Uncertainty of regulatory approval and potential for narrower indications[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Difficulty in identifying patients for low-prevalence diseases, leading to trial delays or slower commercial growth[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Clinical trial failures could incur additional costs or prevent commercialization[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Uncertainty in expanding pipeline using TANGO technology[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Extensive post-marketing regulatory requirements and potential for product withdrawal[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Failure to obtain international regulatory approval[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Undesirable side effects or public perception of unsafety for product candidates[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Rare Pediatric Disease, Fast Track, or Breakthrough Therapy designations do not guarantee faster development, review, or approval, or a priority review voucher[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Legislation may increase difficulty and cost of approval and affect pricing[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Commercial success depends on market acceptance and adequate reimbursement[199](index=199&type=chunk) - History of operating losses and need for additional funding[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Limited operating history makes future viability assessment difficult[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Challenges in obtaining, maintaining, and protecting intellectual property[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Volatility of stock price[203](index=203&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Product Development and Regulatory Approval](index=52&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Product%20Development%20and%20Regulatory%20Approval) The company faces significant risks in product development, including early-stage efforts, uncertain clinical trial success, lengthy and costly regulatory approval processes, patient enrollment challenges, potential side effects, and impacts from legislative changes and regulatory disruptions - The company is in early development, with zorevunersen in **Phase 3** and STK-002 in preclinical development, and its ability to generate product revenue depends heavily on successful development and commercialization[200](index=200&type=chunk)[201](index=201&type=chunk)[202](index=202&type=chunk) - Success in early preclinical or clinical trials is not indicative of later results, and product candidates may fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy in later stages[206](index=206&type=chunk)[209](index=209&type=chunk) - Clinical trials are expensive, difficult, and uncertain, with risks of clinical holds, suspensions, or dose limitations due to safety concerns or other deficiencies[210](index=210&type=chunk)[211](index=211&type=chunk)[212](index=212&type=chunk) - Obtaining regulatory approval is a lengthy, expensive, and uncertain process, with potential for delays, approval for narrower indications, or refusal, influenced by regulatory discretion and evolving policies[213](index=213&type=chunk)[214](index=214&type=chunk)[216](index=216&type=chunk) - Low prevalence of target diseases (Dravet syndrome, ADOA) may lead to difficulties in patient identification and enrollment, potentially delaying trials or limiting commercial potential[217](index=217&type=chunk)[219](index=219&type=chunk)[220](index=220&type=chunk) - Product candidates may cause undesirable side effects, leading to trial suspension, termination, or regulatory denial, and could negatively impact commercialization[234](index=234&type=chunk)[235](index=235&type=chunk)[236](index=236&type=chunk) - Rare Pediatric Disease, Fast Track, and Breakthrough Therapy designations do not guarantee faster development, regulatory review, or approval, nor do they assure a priority review voucher[237](index=237&type=chunk)[239](index=239&type=chunk)[240](index=240&type=chunk)[241](index=241&type=chunk)[242](index=242&type=chunk)[243](index=243&type=chunk) - Enacted and future legislation, such as the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), may increase costs, affect pricing, and impose new requirements, significantly impacting the pharmaceutical industry[245](index=245&type=chunk)[247](index=247&type=chunk)[252](index=252&type=chunk) - Disruptions at the FDA, including staffing changes or government shutdowns, could slow product review and approval, adversely affecting the business[261](index=261&type=chunk)[262](index=262&type=chunk)[263](index=263&type=chunk) - Operations are subject to anti-kickback, fraud and abuse, and other healthcare laws, with non-compliance potentially leading to significant penalties, criminal sanctions, and reputational harm[264](index=264&type=chunk)[265](index=265&type=chunk)[267](index=267&type=chunk)[268](index=268&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Commercialization and Manufacturing](index=73&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Commercialization%20and%20Manufacturing) Commercial success depends on market acceptance, adequate reimbursement, and reliable third-party manufacturing, facing intense competition, manufacturing complexities, and risks from reliance on collaboration partners - Commercial success depends on market acceptance by providers, patients, patient advocacy groups, and third-party payors, which is uncertain for new genetic treatments and administration methods like intrathecal or intravitreal injections[269](index=269&type=chunk)[271](index=271&type=chunk) - Adequate insurance coverage and reimbursement are essential for commercial viability, especially for small patient populations, and failure to obtain these could limit market access and revenue[273](index=273&type=chunk)[274](index=274&type=chunk)[275](index=275&type=chunk)[276](index=276&type=chunk)[277](index=277&type=chunk)[279](index=279&type=chunk)[280](index=280&type=chunk) - Reliance on third parties for preclinical studies, clinical trials, and manufacturing introduces risks of non-performance, regulatory non-compliance, missed deadlines, and increased costs, potentially delaying development programs[281](index=281&type=chunk)[282](index=282&type=chunk) - The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are highly competitive, with many competitors possessing greater financial and technical resources, potentially leading to faster regulatory approvals or more effective therapies[283](index=283&type=chunk)[284](index=284&type=chunk)[285](index=285&type=chunk)[286](index=286&type=chunk) - Manufacturing drugs is complex and susceptible to difficulties like contamination, equipment failure, and scaling issues, which could delay clinical trials, regulatory submissions, or commercial supply[288](index=288&type=chunk)[289](index=289&type=chunk)[290](index=290&type=chunk)[291](index=291&type=chunk) - Inability to establish internal sales and marketing capabilities or effective third-party alliances could prevent revenue generation[292](index=292&type=chunk)[293](index=293&type=chunk)[294](index=294&type=chunk) - Focusing limited resources on specific product candidates or indications may lead to missing more profitable opportunities[295](index=295&type=chunk) - Reliance on collaboration agreements (e.g., Acadia, Biogen) carries risks that partners may not dedicate sufficient resources, delay development, or terminate agreements, forcing the company to independently develop candidates or abandon them[296](index=296&type=chunk)[297](index=297&type=chunk)[298](index=298&type=chunk)[300](index=300&type=chunk)[301](index=301&type=chunk) - Difficulty in finding new strategic collaborators on acceptable terms could force the company to curtail development programs or increase expenditures without sufficient capital[302](index=302&type=chunk)[303](index=303&type=chunk)[304](index=304&type=chunk)[305](index=305&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Our Financial Position](index=85&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20our%20Financial%20Position) The company has a history of operating losses and an accumulated deficit of **$401.4 million**, requiring substantial additional funding despite current liquidity, with future tax benefits potentially limited by ownership changes and tax reforms - The company has a history of operating losses since inception, with an accumulated deficit of **$401.4 million** as of **June 30, 2025**, and expects to continue incurring significant losses[307](index=307&type=chunk)[308](index=308&type=chunk) - Net losses were **$23.4 million** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and **$25.7 million** for the three months ended June 30, 2024[308](index=308&type=chunk) - Net income was **$89.4 million** for the six months ended June 30, 2025,

[Stoke Therapeutics Reports Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results and Provides Business Updates](index=1&type=section&id=Stoke%20Therapeutics%20Reports%20Second%20Quarter%202025%20Financial%20Results%20and%20Provides%20Business%20Updates) [Executive Summary and CEO Commentary](index=1&type=section&id=Executive%20Summary%20and%20CEO%20Commentary) The company reported Q2 2025 results, highlighting progress in its zorevunersen and STK-002 clinical programs and a strong cash position - First patient dosed in Phase 3 EMPEROR study of zorevunersen for Dravet syndrome[1](index=1&type=chunk) - New 3-year zorevunersen OLE data show **durable reductions in seizures** and **improvements in cognition/behavior**, with good tolerability[1](index=1&type=chunk) - Phase 1 study of STK-002 initiated for Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA)[1](index=1&type=chunk) - CEO highlighted strong execution, foundational understanding of zorevunersen, and expansion into ADOA with STK-002[2](index=2&type=chunk) Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities | As of June 30, 2025 | Amount (Millions) | | :------------------ | :---------------- | | Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities | $355.0 | | Anticipated Funding Period | To mid-2028 | [Recent Program Highlights](index=1&type=section&id=Recent%20Program%20Highlights) The company reported significant progress across its clinical programs, including key study initiations and positive long-term data - First patient dosed in global Phase 3 EMPEROR study of zorevunersen for Dravet syndrome, with sites initiated in the U.S., UK, Japan, and planned for Europe[6](index=6&type=chunk) - New positive findings from long-term OLE studies of zorevunersen show **substantial and durable reductions in convulsive seizure frequency** through three years, alongside continued improvements in cognition and behavior[6](index=6&type=chunk) - Phase 1 OSPREY study of STK-002 in patients with Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA) is now underway[6](index=6&type=chunk) [Upcoming Anticipated Milestones](index=2&type=section&id=Upcoming%20Anticipated%20Milestones) The company plans to present additional zorevunersen data in 2025 and identify a clinical candidate for SYNGAP-1 in 2026 - Additional data from the zorevunersen clinical development program to be presented at upcoming medical congresses in 2025[6](index=6&type=chunk) - Lead optimization is underway to identify a clinical candidate for the treatment of SYNGAP-1 in 2026[6](index=6&type=chunk) [Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results](index=2&type=section&id=Second%20Quarter%202025%20Financial%20Results) The company reported a significant increase in Q2 2025 revenue and a reduced net loss, driven by collaboration agreements Q2 2025 Financial Highlights | Metric | Q2 2025 (Thousands) | Q2 2024 (Thousands) | Change (YoY) | | :-------------------------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :----------- | | Revenue (Acadia Collaboration) | $10,600 | $4,800 | +120.8% | | Revenue (Biogen Collaboration) | $3,200 | $0 | N/A | | Total Revenue | $13,817 | $4,831 | +186.0% | | Net Loss | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | -8.6% | | Net Loss Per Share (Basic) | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | -13.0% | | R&D Expenses | $25,855 | $21,136 | +22.3% | | G&A Expenses | $15,262 | $13,037 | +17.1% | [Year-to-Date 2025 Financial Results](index=2&type=section&id=Year-to-Date%202025%20Financial%20Results) For the first six months of 2025, the company achieved substantial revenue growth and shifted to a net income from a net loss Year-to-Date 2025 Financial Highlights | Metric | YTD 2025 (Thousands) | YTD 2024 (Thousands) | Change (YoY) | | :-------------------------------- | :------------------- | :------------------- | :----------- | | Revenue (Acadia Collaboration) | $16,800 | $9,000 | +86.7% | | Revenue (Biogen Collaboration) | $155,600 | $0 | N/A | | Total Revenue | $172,386 | $9,048 | +1805.9% | | Net Income (Loss) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | N/A (Shift to profit) | | Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Diluted) | $1.50 | $(1.02) | N/A (Shift to profit) | | R&D Expenses | $58,531 | $43,504 | +34.5% | | G&A Expenses | $29,915 | $23,258 | +28.6% | - Increase in operating expenses for both three and six-month periods primarily relates to increases in costs associated with personnel and launch readiness expense[9](index=9&type=chunk) [Stoke Webcast and Conference Call for Analysts and Investors](index=3&type=section&id=Stoke%20Webcast%20and%20Conference%20Call%20for%20Analysts%20and%20Investors) Management will host a webcast and conference call on August 12, 2025, to discuss the financial results and business updates - Webcast and conference call for analysts and investors scheduled for **Tuesday, August 12, 2025, at 4:30 PM Eastern Time**[7](index=7&type=chunk) - Webcast available on the Investors & News section of Stoke's website; registration required for Q&A participation[7](index=7&type=chunk) [About Dravet Syndrome](index=3&type=section&id=About%20Dravet%20Syndrome) Dravet syndrome is a severe genetic epilepsy with significant unmet medical needs, affecting an estimated 38,000 people - Dravet syndrome is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused by SCN1A gene mutations, leading to insufficient NaV1.1 protein[8](index=8&type=chunk) - Over **90% of patients experience seizures** despite current treatments, with complications leading to poor quality of life and higher SUDEP risk[8](index=8&type=chunk) Estimated Dravet Syndrome Prevalence | Region | Estimated Patients | | :----- | :----------------- | | U.S. | ~16,000 | | UK, EU-4, Japan | ~22,000 | | Total | ~38,000 | [About Zorevunersen](index=3&type=section&id=About%20Zorevunersen) Zorevunersen is an investigational antisense oligonucleotide designed to treat Dravet syndrome by increasing NaV1.1 protein production - Zorevunersen is an investigational antisense oligonucleotide designed to increase NaV1.1 protein production from the non-mutated SCN1A gene to treat Dravet syndrome[9](index=9&type=chunk)[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Aims to reduce seizure frequency and improve neurodevelopment, cognition, and behavior, with demonstrated potential for **disease modification**[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Granted **Orphan Drug, Rare Pediatric Disease, and Breakthrough Therapy Designations** by the FDA[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Stoke retains exclusive rights in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico; Biogen has exclusive rest-of-world commercialization rights under a strategic collaboration[10](index=10&type=chunk) [About Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA)](index=4&type=section&id=About%20Autosomal%20Dominant%20Optic%20Atrophy%20(ADOA)) ADOA is the most common inherited optic nerve disorder, causing progressive vision loss with no currently approved treatments - ADOA is the most common inherited optic nerve disorder, causing progressive and irreversible vision loss, with **no approved treatment**[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Primarily caused by OPA1 gene mutations, leading to haploinsufficiency and affecting approximately **one in 30,000 people globally**[11](index=11&type=chunk)[12](index=12&type=chunk) - Roughly half of ADOA patients fail driving standards, and **up to 46% are legally blind**[11](index=11&type=chunk) [About STK-002](index=4&type=section&id=About%20STK-002) STK-002 is a proprietary antisense oligonucleotide in clinical development for ADOA, designed to upregulate OPA1 protein expression - STK-002 is a proprietary antisense oligonucleotide for ADOA, designed to upregulate OPA1 protein expression from the non-mutant OPA1 gene[12](index=12&type=chunk) - Believed to be the **first disease-modifying therapy for ADOA**, aiming to maintain or improve vision[12](index=12&type=chunk) - Preclinical data demonstrate proof-of-mechanism and proof-of-concept; granted **Orphan Drug designation** by the FDA[12](index=12&type=chunk) - A Phase 1 study (OSPREY) of STK-002 in patients with ADOA is now underway[6](index=6&type=chunk)[12](index=12&type=chunk) [About Stoke Therapeutics](index=4&type=section&id=About%20Stoke%20Therapeutics) Stoke Therapeutics is a biotechnology company developing RNA-based medicines to restore protein expression for genetic diseases - Stoke Therapeutics is a biotechnology company restoring protein expression using RNA medicine and its proprietary **TANGO approach**[13](index=13&type=chunk) - Develops antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to selectively restore naturally-occurring protein levels, focusing on CNS and eye diseases caused by haploinsufficiency[13](index=13&type=chunk) - Zorevunersen is the lead medicine, with proof of concept demonstrated in other organs, supporting broad potential[13](index=13&type=chunk) [Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements](index=5&type=section&id=Cautionary%20Note%20Regarding%20Forward-Looking%20Statements) This section outlines potential risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from forward-looking statements - Contains forward-looking statements regarding future financial results, clinical outcomes, regulatory approvals, and collaborations[15](index=15&type=chunk) - Highlights risks and uncertainties, such as ability to advance product candidates, success of collaborations, replication of clinical trial results, intellectual property protection, and funding[15](index=15&type=chunk) - Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements after the press release date[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Reference](index=5&type=section&id=Reference) This section provides the source for the Dravet syndrome prevalence estimate, citing a 2015 publication by Wu et al - Dravet syndrome prevalence estimate is based on Stoke Therapeutics' preliminary estimates, scaling annual incidence to prevalence using country-specific live birth rates and adjusted for Dravet-specific mortality[16](index=16&type=chunk) - Incidence rates published by **Wu et al., Pediatrics, 2015**, were used for the estimate[16](index=16&type=chunk) [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The balance sheet as of June 30, 2025, shows a significant increase in total assets and stockholders' equity compared to year-end 2024 Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights (Selected Items) | Metric (in thousands) | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | | :-------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | :----- | | Cash and cash equivalents | $101,472 | $127,983 | $(26,511) | | Marketable securities - current | $146,236 | $88,916 | $57,320 | | Marketable securities - long-term | $107,256 | $29,824 | $77,432 | | Total current assets | $269,970 | $232,756 | $37,214 | | Total assets | $384,508 | $271,555 | $112,953 | | Total current liabilities | $38,678 | $40,056 | $(1,378) | | Deferred revenue - net of current portion | $9,632 | $0 | $9,632 | | Total liabilities | $49,565 | $42,534 | $7,031 | | Total stockholders' equity | $334,943 | $229,021 | $105,922 | [Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)](index=8&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations%20and%20Comprehensive%20Income%20(Loss)) The statements of operations show a shift to profitability for the six-month period driven by a substantial increase in collaboration revenue Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights (Selected Items) | Metric (in thousands) | Q2 2025 | Q2 2024 | YTD 2025 | YTD 2024 | | :-------------------- | :------ | :------ | :------- | :------- | | Revenue | $13,817 | $4,831 | $172,386 | $9,048 | | R&D Expenses | $25,855 | $21,136 | $58,531 | $43,504 | | G&A Expenses | $15,262 | $13,037 | $29,915 | $23,258 | | Total Operating Expenses | $41,117 | $34,173 | $88,446 | $66,762 | | Income (loss) from operations | $(27,300) | $(29,342) | $83,940 | $(57,714) | | Net income (loss) | $(23,483) | $(25,695) | $89,397 | $(52,069) | | Net income (loss) per share (Diluted) | $(0.40) | $(0.46) | $1.50 | $(1.02) | [Stoke Media & Investor Contacts](index=9&type=section&id=Stoke%20Media%20%26%20Investor%20Contacts) This section provides contact information for the company's media and investor relations representatives - Contact details for Dawn Kalmar (Chief Communications Officer) and Doug Snow (Director, Communications & Investor Relations) are provided for inquiries[22](index=22&type=chunk)

Core Insights - Biogen and Stoke Therapeutics have initiated the global Phase 3 EMPEROR study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zorevunersen for treating Dravet syndrome, a rare genetic disease with no currently approved disease-modifying treatments [1][2][10] Company Overview - Biogen is a leading biotechnology company founded in 1978, focused on innovative science to deliver new medicines and create value for shareholders [5] - Stoke Therapeutics specializes in RNA medicine, aiming to restore protein expression and is developing zorevunersen as a potential treatment for Dravet syndrome [7] Study Design and Objectives - The EMPEROR study is a double-blind, sham-controlled trial involving children aged 2 to 18 with a confirmed SCN1A gene variant, randomized to receive either zorevunersen or a sham for a 52-week treatment period [10] - The primary endpoint is the change in major motor seizure frequency at week 28, with key secondary endpoints including improvements in behavior and cognition measured by Vineland-3 subdomains at week 52 [5][10] Disease Background - Dravet syndrome is characterized by severe, recurrent seizures and significant cognitive and behavioral impairments, primarily caused by mutations in the SCN1A gene [8] - Over 90% of patients continue to experience seizures despite existing anti-seizure medications, highlighting the urgent need for effective treatments [8] Mechanism of Action - Zorevunersen is designed to increase NaV1.1 protein production in brain cells, potentially reducing seizure frequency and improving neurodevelopment, cognition, and behavior [9] - The drug has received orphan drug designation from the FDA and EMA, as well as rare pediatric disease and Breakthrough Therapy Designations for Dravet syndrome [9]

Core Insights - The analysis of the Phase 3 zorevunersen dosing regimen indicates improvements in cognition and behavior at Week 68, supporting its potential as a disease-modifying treatment for Dravet syndrome [1][2][4] - Zorevunersen has shown substantial and durable reductions in major motor seizure frequency and improvements in cognitive and behavioral measures over two years of treatment [2][4] - The Phase 3 EMPEROR study will assess key secondary endpoints related to cognition and behavior, which are critical for evaluating the treatment's effectiveness [3][5] Company Overview - Biogen Inc. and Stoke Therapeutics are collaborating on the development of zorevunersen, an investigational therapy aimed at addressing the underlying causes of Dravet syndrome [1][8] - Stoke Therapeutics focuses on restoring protein expression through RNA medicine, with zorevunersen being their first medicine in development [9] - Biogen is a leading biotechnology company that aims to deliver innovative treatments and create value for shareholders [10] Disease Context - Dravet syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and significant cognitive and behavioral impairments, affecting an estimated 38,000 individuals in the U.S., UK, EU-4, and Japan [3][7] - The condition is primarily caused by mutations in the SCN1A gene, leading to insufficient NaV1.1 protein levels in neuronal cells [7][8] - Current treatments primarily focus on seizure control, with no approved therapies addressing the cognitive and behavioral aspects of the disease [3][7] Clinical Study Insights - The Phase 3 EMPEROR study is designed to evaluate the effects of zorevunersen on cognition and behavior, with a focus on five sub-domains of the Vineland-3 Adaptive Behavior Scales [5][6] - The dosing regimen includes two loading doses of 70mg followed by maintenance doses of 45mg, which has shown promising results in previous studies [4][5] - The analysis utilized a mixed-effects model for repeated measures to assess the potential effects of the dosing regimen on patient outcomes [4]

Summary of Stoke Therapeutics Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Stoke Therapeutics (STOK) - **Industry**: Biotechnology, specifically focusing on genetic medicine for rare diseases, particularly Dravet syndrome Key Points and Arguments 1. **Leadership Transition**: Ian Smith, the interim CEO, has been with Stoke for two years and was involved in significant milestones, including the Phase III study and a strategic alliance with Biogen [5][6] 2. **Phase III Trial Initiation**: The Phase III trial for Stoke's drug, sorvenusiran, has been initiated in the U.S. as of last week, marking a significant advancement for the company [7] 3. **Differentiation of Drug**: Sorvenusiran is positioned as a disease-modifying therapy for Dravet syndrome, targeting the root cause by upregulating NAV 1.1, which is crucial for cognitive and behavioral improvements beyond just seizure reduction [10][11] 4. **Market Opportunity**: The prevalence of Dravet syndrome is estimated at 35,000 to 40,000 patients in major countries, with 15,000 to 20,000 in the U.S. alone, indicating a significant market potential [17][18] 5. **Breakthrough Designation**: The drug has received breakthrough designation from the FDA, facilitating better discussions regarding its approval and potential labeling claims [19][21] 6. **Trial Design and Data Timeline**: The EMPEROR trial is a 52-week study with approximately 50 patients, focusing on seizure reduction as the primary endpoint and Vineland scores as a secondary endpoint, with data readout expected in the second half of 2027 [23][24] 7. **Cognitive and Behavioral Benefits**: Longitudinal data suggests that patients on sorvenusiran show continuous improvement in cognition and behavior, which is a key differentiator from existing treatments [11][29] 8. **Financial Position**: The company has a strong cash position, with approximately $300 million available, sufficient to fund operations through mid-2028 [64][65] 9. **Future Indications**: Stoke is exploring other haploinsufficient disease areas, including ADOA and Syngap, indicating a broader pipeline strategy [66][67] Additional Important Content - **Natural History Study**: A natural history study has been conducted, showing that untreated children with Dravet syndrome stabilize in growth and development around age two, highlighting the potential impact of treatment [31][33] - **Safety Profile**: No significant safety concerns have been reported in previous studies, with a high percentage of patients rolling over into the open-label extension study [60][63] - **Statistical Significance**: The study is powered to show statistical significance for both seizure reduction and Vineland scores, which are critical for labeling and market acceptance [36][39] This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call, focusing on Stoke Therapeutics' strategic direction, product differentiation, market potential, and financial health.

Core Viewpoint - Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. (STOK) has shown a significant price increase of 25.2% over the past four weeks, with a mean price target of $22.38 indicating a potential upside of 132.4% from the current price of $9.63 [1] Price Targets and Analyst Consensus - The average price target for STOK ranges from a low of $15 to a high of $35, with a standard deviation of $6.82, suggesting variability in analyst estimates [2] - The lowest estimate indicates a potential increase of 55.8%, while the most optimistic estimate points to a 263.5% upside [2] - A tight clustering of price targets, indicated by a low standard deviation, suggests a high degree of agreement among analysts regarding the stock's price movement [9] Earnings Estimates and Analyst Optimism - Analysts have shown strong agreement in revising STOK's earnings estimates higher, which correlates with potential stock price increases [11] - The Zacks Consensus Estimate for the current year has increased by 59.1% over the past month, with three estimates going higher and no negative revisions [12] - STOK holds a Zacks Rank 2 (Buy), placing it in the top 20% of over 4,000 ranked stocks based on earnings estimates [13]

[FORM 10-Q Filing Information](index=1&type=section&id=FORM%2010-Q) Details the company's Form 10-Q filing for Q1 2025, including registrant information and Nasdaq listing [Registrant Information](index=1&type=section&id=Registrant%20Information) Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025, incorporated in Delaware and trading on Nasdaq - Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025[2](index=2&type=chunk) Registrant Details | Detail | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Commission File Number** | 001-38938 | | **State of Incorporation** | Delaware | | **Principal Executive Offices** | 45 Wiggins Ave, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730 | | **Trading Symbol** | STOK | | **Exchange** | Nasdaq Global Select Market | | **Filer Status** | Non-accelerated filer, Smaller reporting company | | **Common Stock Outstanding (as of April 30, 2025)** | 54,596,924 shares | [Forward-Looking Statements](index=4&type=section&id=FORWARD-LOOKING%20STATEMENTS) [Nature of Forward-Looking Statements](index=4&type=section&id=Nature%20of%20Forward-Looking%20Statements) This section clarifies that the report contains forward-looking statements regarding future events, subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties - The report includes forward-looking statements concerning future operations, financial position, business strategy, product candidates, clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and R&D costs[9](index=9&type=chunk) - These statements are based on management's beliefs and assumptions but are subject to various known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially[10](index=10&type=chunk) [Key Risks and Uncertainties](index=4&type=section&id=Key%20Risks%20and%20Uncertainties) The company highlights several key risks that could impact its future results, including profitability, funding, and clinical trial success - Ability to become profitable and procure sufficient funding[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Impact of inflation, interest rates, geopolitical conflicts, and macroeconomic conditions on business and operations[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize zorevunersen, STK-002, and future product candidates[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success of early preclinical/clinical studies may not be indicative of later results[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success of collaborations with Acadia Pharmaceuticals and Biogen[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Availability of coverage and adequate reimbursement for approved products[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to identify patients and enroll them in trials[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Success of TANGO technology to expand pipeline[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to obtain, maintain, and protect intellectual property[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Reliance on intellectual property licensed from third parties[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Ability to identify, recruit, and retain key personnel[11](index=11&type=chunk) - Financial performance and industry competition[11](index=11&type=chunk) [PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION](index=6&type=section&id=PART%20I.%20FINANCIAL%20INFORMATION) Presents the unaudited consolidated financial statements and management's discussion and analysis for the period [Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)](index=6&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Financial%20Statements%20(Unaudited)) This section presents the unaudited consolidated financial statements for Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. and its subsidiary, along with integral notes [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=6&type=section&id=Consolidated%20balance%20sheets) Presents the company's financial position, detailing assets, liabilities, and equity as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024 Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights (in thousands) | Metric | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Current Assets** | $375,736 | $232,756 | | **Total Assets** | $406,888 | $271,555 | | **Total Current Liabilities** | $44,685 | $40,056 | | **Total Liabilities** | $56,814 | $42,534 | | **Total Stockholders' Equity** | $350,074 | $229,021 | - Total current assets increased significantly from **$232.8 million** at December 31, 2024, to **$375.7 million** at March 31, 2025, primarily driven by an increase in cash and cash equivalents[15](index=15&type=chunk) - Total stockholders' equity increased from **$229.0 million** to **$350.1 million**, largely due to net income during the period[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20operations%20and%20comprehensive%20income%20(loss)) Details the company's financial performance, including revenue, expenses, and net income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights (in thousands, except per share) | Metric | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Revenue** | $158,569 | $4,216 | | **Research and development expenses** | $32,676 | $22,368 | | **General and administrative expenses** | $14,653 | $10,220 | | **Total operating expenses** | $47,329 | $32,588 | | **Income (loss) from operations** | $111,240 | $(28,372) | | **Net income (loss)** | $112,879 | $(26,374) | | **Basic net income (loss) per share** | $1.95 | $(0.57) | | **Diluted net income (loss) per share** | $1.90 | $(0.57) | - Revenue dramatically increased to **$158.6 million** in Q1 2025 from **$4.2 million** in Q1 2024, primarily due to the Biogen collaboration agreement[18](index=18&type=chunk) - The company reported a net income of **$112.9 million** in Q1 2025, a significant turnaround from a net loss of **$26.4 million** in Q1 2024[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Research and development expenses increased by **$10.3 million**, and general and administrative expenses increased by **$4.4 million**, reflecting increased operational activities[18](index=18&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity](index=8&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20stockholders'%20equity) Outlines changes in stockholders' equity, including net income, stock-based compensation, and stock issuances for the period - Total stockholders' equity increased from **$229.0 million** as of December 31, 2024, to **$350.1 million** as of March 31, 2025, primarily driven by net income of **$112.9 million**[21](index=21&type=chunk) - Additional paid-in capital increased by **$8.1 million**, including **$6.8 million** from stock-based compensation and **$1.0 million** from stock option exercises[21](index=21&type=chunk) Stockholders' Equity Changes (in thousands) | Item | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | | :--- | :--- | | **Balance as of December 31, 2024** | $229,021 | | Unrealized gain on marketable securities | $47 | | Stock-based compensation | $6,753 | | Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | $1,004 | | Issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan | $370 | | Net income | $112,879 | | **Balance as of March 31, 2025** | $350,074 | [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=9&type=section&id=Consolidated%20statements%20of%20cash%20flows) Summarizes cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 Consolidated Cash Flow Highlights (in thousands) | Activity | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities** | $131,827 | $(24,566) | | **Net cash provided by investing activities** | $13,632 | $9,988 | | **Net cash provided by financing activities** | $1,374 | $1,717 | | **Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash** | **$146,833** | **$(12,861)** | | **Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period** | $275,613 | $179,150 | - Operating activities generated **$131.8 million** in cash in Q1 2025, a significant improvement from a cash usage of **$24.6 million** in Q1 2024, primarily due to net income and changes in deferred revenue[24](index=24&type=chunk)[157](index=157&type=chunk)[158](index=158&type=chunk) - Investing activities provided **$13.6 million** in Q1 2025, mainly from sales of marketable securities (**$32.8 million**) offsetting purchases (**$19.0 million**)[24](index=24&type=chunk)[159](index=159&type=chunk) [Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements](index=10&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20unaudited%20consolidated%20financial%20statements) Provides detailed explanations and disclosures supporting the unaudited consolidated financial statements [1. Nature of the Business](index=10&type=section&id=1.%20Nature%20of%20the%20business) Describes Stoke Therapeutics as an early-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on genetic diseases using TANGO technology - Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. is an early-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on treating severe genetic diseases by upregulating protein expression using its proprietary TANGO technology[27](index=27&type=chunk) - In April 2024, the company completed an underwritten public offering, selling 5,555,557 shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants for net proceeds of approximately **$119.9 million**[29](index=29&type=chunk) - As of March 31, 2025, the company had issued approximately 7.0 million shares of common stock under a Sales Agreement for net proceeds of **$61.0 million**[31](index=31&type=chunk) - The company expects operating losses and negative cash flows to continue but anticipates current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities will fund operations for at least twelve months from the issuance date of the financial statements[32](index=32&type=chunk) [2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements](index=12&type=section&id=2.%20Summary%20of%20significant%20accounting%20policies%20and%20recent%20accounting%20pronouncements) Outlines the accounting principles and recent pronouncements applied in preparing the financial statements - The unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary[34](index=34&type=chunk) Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (in thousands) | Category | As of March 31, 2025 | As of March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Cash and cash equivalents | $274,817 | $178,581 | | Restricted cash - current | $75 | $0 | | Restricted cash - long-term | $721 | $569 | | **Total** | **$275,613** | **$179,150** | - The company is a 'smaller reporting company' based on market value and annual revenue, which allows for reduced disclosure obligations[39](index=39&type=chunk) - Revenue recognition follows ASC 606, involving a five-step model to identify contracts, performance obligations, transaction price, allocation, and recognition[41](index=41&type=chunk) [3. Fair Value Measurements](index=16&type=section&id=3.%20Fair%20value%20measurements) Details the valuation methods and classifications for financial instruments measured at fair value Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands) | Category | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Cash equivalents:** | | | | | | Money market funds | $270,159 | $— | $— | $270,159 | | **Marketable Securities:** | | | | | | Corporate bonds | $— | $24,446 | $— | $24,446 | | Commercial paper | $— | $14,775 | $— | $14,775 | | US Government debt securities | $— | $66,275 | $— | $66,275 | | **Total Marketable Securities** | **$—** | **$105,496** | **$—** | **$105,496** | - Money market funds are classified as Level 1, while marketable securities (corporate bonds, commercial paper, US Government debt securities) are classified as Level 2, valued using industry-standard models and observable inputs[50](index=50&type=chunk)[51](index=51&type=chunk) [4. Marketable Securities](index=16&type=section&id=4.%20Marketable%20securities) Provides information on the company's marketable securities, including fair value and maturity Marketable Securities as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands) | Category | Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Corporate bonds | $24,493 | $5 | $(52) | $24,446 | | Commercial paper | $14,776 | $2 | $(3) | $14,775 | | US Government debt securities | $66,330 | $16 | $(71) | $66,275 | | **Total** | **$105,599** | **$23** | **$(126)** | **$105,496** | - The weighted average maturity of the company's marketable securities was **0.63 years** as of March 31, 2025[54](index=54&type=chunk) - No allowance for credit losses was recorded, and no other-than-temporary impairment losses were recognized for marketable securities[55](index=55&type=chunk) [5. Accrued and Other Current Liabilities](index=17&type=section&id=5.%20Accrued%20and%20other%20current%20liabilities) Details the composition and changes in the company's accrued and other current liabilities Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (in thousands) | Category | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Accrued employee compensation costs | $2,938 | $7,686 | | Accrued professional costs | $1,424 | $1,108 | | Accrued research and development costs | $15,548 | $6,698 | | Current portion of operating lease liabilities | $2,351 | $2,322 | | Other current liabilities | $2,074 | $753 | | **Total** | **$24,335** | **$18,567** | - Total accrued and other current liabilities increased by **$5.8 million** from December 31, 2024, to March 31, 2025, primarily due to increases in accrued R&D costs and other current liabilities[56](index=56&type=chunk) [6. Commitments and Contingencies](index=17&type=section&id=6.%20Commitments%20and%20contingencies) Describes the company's operating lease obligations and intellectual property licensing agreements - The company has various operating lease agreements for office and lab space, with lease terms extending through December 31, 2026, and a new lease commencing July 1, 2025[57](index=57&type=chunk)[60](index=60&type=chunk)[63](index=63&type=chunk) Future Minimum Lease Payments (in thousands) | Year | Amount | | :--- | :--- | | 2025 | $2,167 | | 2026 | $3,250 | | 2027 | $699 | | 2028 | $532 | | **Total Lease Payments** | **$6,648** | | Less imputed interest | $(698) | | **Present Value of Lease Liabilities** | **$5,950** | - The company has an exclusive, worldwide license agreement with the University of Southampton for its TANGO technology, involving potential milestone payments and royalties on future product sales[68](index=68&type=chunk) [7. License and Collaboration Agreements](index=20&type=section&id=7.%20License%20and%20collaboration%20agreements) Details key collaboration agreements with Acadia Pharmaceuticals and Biogen, including financial terms and program updates - **Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc. Agreement (January 2022):** Focuses on RNA-based medicines for neurodevelopmental diseases (SYNGAP1, MECP2, undisclosed target). Received **$60.0 million** upfront, eligible for up to **$907.5 million** in milestones and tiered royalties. Company co-develops/co-commercializes SYNGAP1, funding 50% of costs and receiving 50% of profits[69](index=69&type=chunk)[70](index=70&type=chunk) - **Subsequent Event (May 2025):** Acadia elected to discontinue MECP2 and the undisclosed neurodevelopmental target programs, terminating related licenses and funding, while the SYNGAP1 collaboration continues[107](index=107&type=chunk) - **Biogen International GmbH Agreement (February 2025):** Joint development and commercialization of zorevunersen and other SCN1A gene-targeting compounds. Granted Biogen exclusive license outside U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Received **$165.0 million** upfront, eligible for up to **$50.0 million** in development milestones and **$335.0 million** in commercial milestones, plus tiered double-digit royalties[76](index=76&type=chunk)[77](index=77&type=chunk) - Company leads global development and is responsible for **70%** of development costs, with Biogen covering **30%**[78](index=78&type=chunk) Biogen Agreement Transaction Price Allocation (as of March 31, 2025, in thousands) | Performance Obligation | Transaction Price Allocated | Revenue Recognized | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | IP License | $150,779 | $150,779 | | Global Development Activity | $92,644 | $1,642 | | **Total** | **$243,423** | **$152,421** | [8. Equity Incentive Plans](index=24&type=section&id=8.%20Equity%20incentive%20plans) Provides an overview of the company's equity incentive plans, stock option grants, and stock-based compensation expense - The company operates under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2023 Inducement Plan, with **1,875,367** and **31,800** shares available for future issuance, respectively, as of March 31, 2025[92](index=92&type=chunk) - During Q1 2025, **1,959,171** stock options and **1,007,842** Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) were granted[93](index=93&type=chunk) - Unrecognized compensation cost for unvested stock options is **$38.6 million** (weighted average period of **2.8 years**)[94](index=94&type=chunk) - Unrecognized stock-based compensation for RSUs is **$23.7 million** and for PSUs is **$1.5 million** (weighted average period of **2.9 years**)[94](index=94&type=chunk) Stock-Based Compensation Expense (in thousands) | Category | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Research and development | $2,799 | $2,091 | | General and administrative | $3,954 | $3,319 | | **Total** | **$6,753** | **$5,410** | [9. Net Income (Loss) Per Share](index=26&type=section&id=9.%20Net%20income%20(loss)%20per%20share) Presents the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations for the reporting periods Net Income (Loss) Per Share (in thousands, except per share) | Metric | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Net income (loss) | $112,879 | $(26,374) | | Weighted-average common shares, basic | 57,862,674 | 46,246,889 | | Weighted-average common shares, diluted | 59,398,600 | 46,246,889 | | **Net income (loss) per share, basic** | **$1.95** | **$(0.57)** | | **Net income (loss) per share, diluted** | **$1.90** | **$(0.57)** | - Diluted EPS for Q1 2025 was **$1.90**, reflecting the dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs, and PSUs due to net income. In Q1 2024, these securities were anti-dilutive due to a net loss[97](index=97&type=chunk) [10. Income Taxes](index=27&type=section&id=10.%20Income%20taxes) Discusses the company's income tax expense, net operating loss carryforwards, and valuation allowance - For Q1 2025, the company recorded federal and state tax expense of **$1.1 million** and **$0.1 million**, respectively, due to income from the Biogen collaboration, partially offset by net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs)[100](index=100&type=chunk) - A valuation allowance has been provided for the full amount of net deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, indicating uncertainty about realizing future tax benefits[100](index=100&type=chunk) [11. Segment Information](index=27&type=section&id=11.%20Segment%20Information) Confirms the company operates as a single reportable segment and outlines how performance is assessed - The company operates as a single reportable segment, 'Stoke,' focused on discovering and developing RNA-based medicines using the TANGO approach[101](index=101&type=chunk)[102](index=102&type=chunk) - The Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) assesses performance based on consolidated net income or loss and total consolidated assets[103](index=103&type=chunk) Segment Net Income (Loss) Reconciliation (in thousands) | Item | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Revenue | $158,569 | $4,216 | | Total operating expenses (Subtotal) | $(47,329) | $(32,588) | | Total other segment items | $1,639 | $1,998 | | **Segment net income (loss)** | **$112,879** | **$(26,374)** | [12. Subsequent Events](index=28&type=section&id=12.%20Subsequent%20events) Reports on significant events occurring after the balance sheet date, specifically Acadia's program discontinuation - In May 2025, Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc. notified the company of its decision to discontinue two of the three research programs (MECP2 for Rett syndrome and an undisclosed neurodevelopmental target) under the Acadia Agreement[107](index=107&type=chunk) [Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=29&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) This section provides management's perspective on the company's financial condition, results of operations, and future outlook [Overview](index=29&type=section&id=Overview) - Stoke Therapeutics is a late-stage clinical company developing RNA-based medicines using its TANGO approach to upregulate protein expression for severe genetic diseases[110](index=110&type=chunk) - **Zorevunersen (STK-001):** Lead investigational medicine in late-stage clinical testing for Dravet syndrome. Phase 3 EMPEROR study expected to begin in Q2 2025, following positive Phase 1/2a and OLE studies showing substantial and durable reductions in convulsive seizures and continuous improvements in cognition and behavior[111](index=111&type=chunk)[112](index=112&type=chunk) - **STK-002:** Lead clinical candidate for autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA). Received UK authorization for a Phase 1 study (OSPREY), but additional preclinical activities are ongoing to optimize clinical plans[113](index=113&type=chunk) - As of March 31, 2025, the company had **$380.3 million** in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, up from **$246.7 million** at December 31, 2024[119](index=119&type=chunk) - The company reported a net income of **$112.9 million** for Q1 2025, a significant shift from a net loss of **$26.4 million** in Q1 2024, with an accumulated deficit of **$378.0 million** as of March 31, 2025[120](index=120&type=chunk) [Biogen International GmbH License and Collaboration Agreement](index=31&type=section&id=Biogen%20International%20GmbH%20License%20and%20Collaboration%20Agreement) - On February 14, 2025, the company entered into a License and Collaboration Agreement with Biogen International GmbH for the joint development and commercialization of zorevunersen and other SCN1A gene-targeting compounds[123](index=123&type=chunk) - Biogen received an exclusive, royalty-bearing license for territories outside the U.S., Canada, and Mexico[123](index=123&type=chunk) - The company received an upfront payment of **$165.0 million** and is eligible for up to **$50.0 million** in development milestones and **$335.0 million** in commercial milestones, plus tiered double-digit royalties[124](index=124&type=chunk) - The company leads global development and is responsible for **70%** of development costs, with Biogen covering **30%**[125](index=125&type=chunk) - For Q1 2025, **$152.4 million** in revenue was recognized related to the Biogen collaboration[126](index=126&type=chunk) [Program Update](index=33&type=section&id=Program%20Update) - **Dravet Syndrome Program – zorevunersen:** - Granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation in December 2024 for Dravet syndrome with SCN1A gene mutation[128](index=128&type=chunk) - Aligned with FDA, EMA, and PMDA on Phase 3 EMPEROR study design, expected to initiate in Q2 2025[129](index=129&type=chunk) - The EMPEROR study will be a global, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial with 150 children and adolescents (ages 2-18) over 60 weeks[129](index=129&type=chunk) - Primary endpoint: percent change from baseline in major motor seizure frequency at 28 weeks. Key secondary endpoints include durability of effect, cognition, and behavior improvements[129](index=129&type=chunk) - Pivotal data from the EMPEROR study are anticipated in the second half of 2027[130](index=130&type=chunk) [Financial Operations Overview](index=33&type=section&id=Financial%20operations%20overview) - The company has not generated product revenue since inception, relying on collaboration agreements for revenue[131](index=131&type=chunk) - **Acadia Collaboration:** Recognized **$6.1 million** in revenue for Q1 2025. Acadia discontinued MECP2 and undisclosed neurodevelopmental target programs in May 2025, but SYNGAP1 collaboration continues[132](index=132&type=chunk)[133](index=133&type=chunk) - **Biogen Collaboration:** Recognized **$152.4 million** in revenue for Q1 2025[135](index=135&type=chunk) - Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred and primarily consist of external costs for preclinical activities, personnel, scientific consulting, and facilities[136](index=136&type=chunk)[139](index=139&type=chunk) - General and administrative expenses include personnel costs, intellectual property maintenance, professional services, and facilities[142](index=142&type=chunk) [Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024](index=38&type=section&id=Results%20of%20operations%20for%20the%20three%20months%20ended%20March%2031,%202025%20and%202024) Key Financial Results (in thousands) | Metric | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | Change | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Revenue** | $158,569 | $4,216 | +$154,353 | | **Research and development expenses** | $32,676 | $22,368 | +$10,308 | | **General and administrative expenses** | $14,653 | $10,220 | +$4,433 | | **Income (loss) from operations** | $111,240 | $(28,372) | +$139,612 | | **Net income (loss)** | $112,879 | $(26,374) | +$139,253 | - The **$154.4 million** increase in revenue was primarily driven by **$150.8 million** related to the IP license performance obligation from the Biogen agreement[146](index=146&type=chunk) - R&D expenses increased by **$10.3 million**, mainly due to a **$3.1 million** increase in personnel-related expenses and an **$8.4 million** increase in zorevunersen program expenses[147](index=147&type=chunk)[148](index=148&type=chunk) - G&A expenses increased by **$4.5 million**, primarily from a **$1.9 million** increase in personnel expenses and **$2.3 million** in professional fees[149](index=149&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=39&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20capital%20resources) - Since inception, operations have been financed by **$836.6 million** from various equity and debt sales, and upfront payments from Acadia and Biogen[151](index=151&type=chunk) - As of March 31, 2025, the company had **$380.3 million** in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and an accumulated deficit of **$378.0 million**[151](index=151&type=chunk)[152](index=152&type=chunk) - Current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities are expected to fund operations to mid-2028[122](index=122&type=chunk)[153](index=153&type=chunk) - Future funding requirements depend on R&D costs, regulatory approvals, manufacturing, milestone payments, and commercialization expenses[153](index=153&type=chunk) - The company will seek additional financing through equity offerings, debt financings, or collaborations, acknowledging potential dilution or restrictive covenants[154](index=154&type=chunk) Cash Flows Summary (in thousands) | Activity | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Operating activities | $131,827 | $(24,566) | | Investing activities | $13,632 | $9,988 | | Financing activities | $1,374 | $1,717 | | **Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash** | **$146,833** | **$(12,861)** | Contractual Obligations as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands) | Obligation | Total | Less Than 1 Year | 1 to 3 Years | 4 to 5 Years | More than 5 Years | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Operating lease obligations | $5,950 | $2,167 | $3,783 | $— | $— | [Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates](index=42&type=section&id=Critical%20accounting%20policies%20and%20significant%20judgments%20and%20estimates) - The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting reported amounts, which are periodically reviewed[174](index=174&type=chunk) - No significant changes in critical accounting policies and estimates were noted compared to the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than revenue recognition[175](index=175&type=chunk) [Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements](index=44&type=section&id=Recently%20Issued%20Accounting%20Pronouncements) - **ASU 2023-09 (Income Taxes):** Effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Requires disaggregated disclosure of effective tax rate reconciliation and additional information for reconciling items. Expected to have no material impact on consolidated financial statements[177](index=177&type=chunk) - **ASU 2024-03 (Income Statement—Expense Disaggregation):** Effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. Requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses in footnotes. Expected to have no material impact on consolidated financial statements[178](index=178&type=chunk) [Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=45&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) This section discusses the company's exposure to market risks, primarily interest rate sensitivity and inflation risk - The company's primary market risk exposure is interest rate sensitivity, given its cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of **$380.3 million** as of March 31, 2025[179](index=179&type=chunk) - Due to the short-term maturities of its cash and cash equivalents, a **10%** increase in interest rates is not expected to have a significant impact on the realized value of investments[179](index=179&type=chunk) - Inflation generally affects clinical trial costs, but the company does not believe it has had a material effect on its business or financial condition for the periods presented[180](index=180&type=chunk) [Item 4. Controls and Procedures](index=45&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) This section details the effectiveness of the company's disclosure controls and procedures and reports on any changes in internal control over financial reporting - Management, including the CFO and Interim CEO, concluded that the company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of March 31, 2025[181](index=181&type=chunk) - No changes in internal control over financial reporting materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the company's internal control over financial reporting during the period[182](index=182&type=chunk) - Internal controls, no matter how well designed, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving objectives, and management applies judgment in evaluating cost-benefit relationships[183](index=183&type=chunk) [PART II. OTHER INFORMATION](index=46&type=section&id=PART%20II.%20OTHER%20INFORMATION) [Item 1. Legal Proceedings](index=46&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) This section states that the company is not currently a party to any legal proceedings that would have a material adverse effect on its business - The company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on its business[185](index=185&type=chunk) - Litigation, regardless of outcome, can adversely impact the company due to defense costs, diversion of management resources, and reputational harm[185](index=185&type=chunk) [Item 1A. Risk Factors](index=46&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) This extensive section outlines various risks that could materially harm the company's business, financial condition, and results of operations [Summary of Risk Factors](index=46&type=section&id=Summary%20of%20Risk%20Factors) - Early development stage; failure to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize product candidates (zorevunersen, STK-002) would materially harm the business[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Success in early preclinical/clinical trials may not predict later results[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Uncertainty of regulatory approval and potential for narrower indications[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Difficulty identifying patients for low-prevalence diseases, leading to trial delays or slower commercial growth[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Clinical trial failures (safety/efficacy) could incur additional costs or delays[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Uncertainty in expanding pipeline using TANGO technology[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Extensive post-marketing regulatory requirements and potential penalties for non-compliance[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Failure to obtain international regulatory approval[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Undesirable side effects of product candidates[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Designations (Rare Pediatric Disease, Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy) do not guarantee faster development, approval, or priority review vouchers[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Legislation may increase difficulty/cost of approval and affect pricing[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Market acceptance and adequate reimbursement are crucial for commercial success[186](index=186&type=chunk) - History of operating losses and need for additional funding[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Limited operating history makes future viability assessment difficult[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Challenges in obtaining, maintaining, and protecting intellectual property[186](index=186&type=chunk) - Volatility of stock price[186](index=186&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Product Development and Regulatory Approval](index=47&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Product%20Development%20and%20Regulatory%20Approval) - The company's ability to generate product revenue depends heavily on the successful development and commercialization of TANGO and its product candidates, which requires extensive preclinical and clinical development, regulatory approval, manufacturing supply, and marketing efforts[189](index=189&type=chunk) - Early-stage clinical trial success (e.g., zorevunersen Phase 1/2a) may not be indicative of later-stage results, and product candidates may fail to show desired safety and efficacy in larger trials[193](index=193&type=chunk)[197](index=197&type=chunk) - Clinical trials are expensive, difficult, and uncertain, with potential for delays or termination due to clinical holds, adverse effects, or insufficient data[200](index=200&type=chunk)[205](index=205&type=chunk) - Regulatory approval is a lengthy and uncertain process, with potential for delays, refusals, or approvals for narrower indications, influenced by factors like trial design, data interpretation, and changing regulatory policies[224](index=224&type=chunk)[225](index=225&type=chunk) - Low prevalence of target diseases (Dravet syndrome, ADOA) may hinder patient enrollment, increase development costs, and limit commercial potential[227](index=227&type=chunk) - Breakthrough Therapy, Fast Track, and Orphan Drug Designations do not guarantee faster development, approval, or market exclusivity, and benefits may be lost or modified[241](index=241&type=chunk) - Changes in FDA policies, government shutdowns, or legislative initiatives (e.g., Inflation Reduction Act) could slow product review, increase costs, and impact drug pricing and reimbursement[202](index=202&type=chunk)[231](index=231&type=chunk)[233](index=233&type=chunk)[248](index=248&type=chunk)[249](index=249&type=chunk)[250](index=250&type=chunk) - Compliance with anti-kickback, fraud and abuse, and other healthcare laws is critical; violations could lead to significant penalties, reputational harm, and diminished profits[251](index=251&type=chunk)[252](index=252&type=chunk)[253](index=253&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Commercialization and Manufacturing](index=68&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Commercialization%20and%20Manufacturing) - Commercial success depends on market acceptance by providers, patients, and payors, which is uncertain and influenced by efficacy, safety, cost, and administration methods (e.g., intrathecal injection)[254](index=254&type=chunk)[256](index=256&type=chunk) - Failure to obtain or maintain adequate insurance coverage and reimbursement for approved products, especially for small patient populations, could limit marketability and revenue generation[258](index=258&type=chunk)[259](index=259&type=chunk)[260](index=260&type=chunk)[261](index=261&type=chunk)[262](index=262&type=chunk)[263](index=263&type=chunk) - Reliance on third-party CROs, CMOs, and consultants for development and manufacturing poses risks of delays, quality issues, and increased costs due to lack of direct control or macroeconomic conditions[265](index=265&type=chunk)[267](index=267&type=chunk) - Significant competition from other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, including those developing RNA-based treatments, gene therapies, and existing epilepsy treatments, could reduce market opportunity[272](index=272&type=chunk)[274](index=274&type=chunk)[275](index=275&type=chunk) - Manufacturing drugs is complex and susceptible to issues like contamination, equipment failure, and scaling difficulties, which could delay clinical trials, regulatory submissions, or commercial supply[279](index=279&type=chunk)[280](index=280&type=chunk) - Inability to establish internal sales and marketing capabilities or effective collaborations could prevent revenue generation and profitability[282](index=282&type=chunk) - Strategic collaborations (e.g., with Acadia and Biogen) carry risks such as collaborators not dedicating sufficient resources, delays, disputes, or termination, which could materially affect the business[284](index=284&type=chunk)[286](index=286&type=chunk)[287](index=287&type=chunk)[289](index=289&type=chunk)[291](index=291&type=chunk) [Risks Related to our Financial Position](index=80&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20our%20Financial%20Position) - The company has a history of operating losses and an accumulated deficit of **$378.0 million** as of March 31, 2025, expecting significant expenses and losses for the foreseeable future[292](index=292&type=chunk)[293](index=293&type=chunk) - Additional funding will be required to complete development and commercialization, and failure to obtain it on favorable terms could force delays, reductions, or termination of programs[294](index=294&type=chunk)[295](index=295&type=chunk) - Limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate future success or viability[299](index=299&type=chunk) - Ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) may be limited by ownership changes under IRC Sections 382 and 383, potentially increasing future tax liability[301](index=301&type=chunk)[302](index=302&type=chunk) - U.S. federal income tax reform (e.g., TCJA) and other tax law changes could adversely affect the company, though the impact on the effective tax rate is not expected to be material due to a valuation allowance[305](index=305&type=chunk) [Risks Related to our Intellectual Property](index=84&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20our%20Intellectual%20Property) - Commercial success depends on obtaining, maintaining, and protecting patent, trademark, trade secret, and other intellectual property rights for its technologies and product candidates (TANGO, zorevunersen, STK-002)[306](index=306&type=chunk) - The patenting process is expensive, time-consuming, and uncertain; patents may not provide meaningful protection, be challenged, narrowed, or invalidated[306](index=306&type=chunk)[307](index=307&type=chunk)[308](index=308&type=chunk) - Dependence on in-licensed intellectual property (e.g., from University of Southampton) means failure to comply with obligations or disputes could lead to loss of significant rights[315](index=315&type=chunk)[320](index=320&type=chunk)[321](index=321&type=chunk)[322](index=322&type=chunk) - Out-licensed intellectual property (e.g., to Biogen) means reliance on licensees to protect rights, and disputes could impact revenue or rights[326](index=326&type=chunk)[327](index=327&type=chunk) - Owned and in-licensed patents may not sufficiently protect product candidates or provide competitive advantage, with risks of expiration, challenges, or design-arounds[331](index=331&type=chunk)[332](index=332&type=chunk)[333](index=333&type=chunk)[334](index=334&type=chunk) - Limited foreign intellectual property rights and varying protection laws globally could hinder enforcement and allow competitors to operate[337](index=337&type=chunk)[338](index=338&type=chunk)[339](index=339&type=chunk) - Use of open-source software may impose limitations on commercialization or require disclosure of proprietary code[345](index=345&type=chunk)[346](index=346&type=chunk)[347](index=347&type=chunk) - Risk of third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, misappropriation of trade secrets, or wrongful use of confidential information by employees/consultants, leading to costly litigation, damages, or injunctions[351](index=351&type=chunk)[353](index=353&type=chunk)[355](index=355&type=chunk)[356](index=356&type=chunk)[357](index=357&type=chunk) - Difficulty in obtaining necessary rights to product components and processes through acquisitions or in-licenses due to competition or unfavorable terms[360](index=360&type=chunk)[362](index=362&type=chunk) - Compliance with procedural requirements for patent agencies is crucial; non-compliance can lead to abandonment or lapse of patent rights[363](index=363&type=chunk) - Changes in patent law (e.g., America Invents Act, U.S. Supreme Court rulings, Unitary Patent Court in Europe) could diminish patent value and increase prosecution/enforcement costs[364](index=364&type=chunk)[365](index=365&type=chunk)[366](index=366&type=chunk)[367](index=367&type=chunk) - Patent terms may be inadequate to protect competitive position due to limited lifespan and time required for development and regulatory review, potentially leading to generic competition[369](index=369&type=chunk)[370](index=370&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Employee Matters, Managing Growth and Other Risks Related to our Business](index=104&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Employee%20Matters,%20Managing%20Growth%20and%20Other%20Risks%20Related%20to%20our%20Business) - Expected significant growth in employees and operations may lead to difficulties in management, requiring improved systems, expanded facilities, and recruitment/training of qualified personnel[374](index=374&type=chunk)[375](index=375&type=chunk) - Failure to attract and retain highly skilled employees, especially senior management and scientists, could adversely affect business plan execution and product development[376](index=376&type=chunk) - Leadership transition may be viewed negatively by stakeholders and could delay business objectives[379](index=379&type=chunk) - Future acquisitions or strategic alliances could disrupt business, harm financial condition, and results of operations due to integration challenges, retention issues, and unanticipated liabilities[380](index=380&type=chunk)[381](index=381&type=chunk)[382](index=382&type=chunk) - Non-compliance with environmental, health, and safety laws could result in fines, penalties, or significant costs[384](index=384&type=chunk) - Unfavorable global economic conditions (e.g., fluctuating interest rates, inflation, tariffs, banking instability, geopolitical conflicts) could adversely affect business, financial condition, and stock price[387](index=387&type=chunk)[388](index=388&type=chunk)[389](index=389&type=chunk)[390](index=390&type=chunk)[391](index=391&type=chunk) - Natural disasters or other serious events could severely disrupt operations, and existing business continuity plans may be inadequate[394](index=394&type=chunk)[395](index=395&type=chunk) - Internal computer and information systems, or those of third parties, may fail or suffer security breaches, leading to data loss, operational disruptions, liability, and harm to competitive position[397](index=397&type=chunk)[398](index=398&type=chunk) - Risk of fraud or misconduct by employees, principal investigators, consultants, and commercial partners, including non-compliance with regulatory standards and healthcare fraud laws, potentially leading to sanctions and reputational harm[401](index=401&type=chunk) - Significant product liability risk from clinical trials and potential commercialization, with claims potentially resulting in substantial liabilities, regardless of merit[401](index=401&type=chunk) [Risks Related to Ownership of our Common Stock](index=112&type=section&id=Risks%20Related%20to%20Ownership%20of%20our%20Common%20Stock) - The market price of the common stock may be highly volatile due to various factors, including clinical trial results, regulatory developments, competition, financial performance, and general market conditions, potentially leading to loss of investment[403](index=403&type=chunk)[405](index=405&type=chunk)[406](index=406&type=chunk) - Lack of research coverage or adverse opinions from securities analysts could cause stock price and trading volume to decline[407](index=407&type=chunk) - As a 'smaller reporting company,' reduced reporting requirements may make the common stock less attractive to investors, potentially leading to a less active trading market and more volatile share price[408](index=408&type=chunk) - Anti-takeover provisions in charter documents and Delaware law could make an acquisition more difficult and prevent stockholders from replacing management[410](index=410&type=chunk)[411](index=411&type=chunk) - Exclusive forum provisions may limit stockholders' ability to bring claims in preferred judicial forums, potentially discouraging lawsuits[412](index=412&type=chunk)[413](index=413&type=chunk) - Operating as a public company incurs significant costs, and management must devote substantial time to compliance initiatives and corporate governance[414](index=414&type=chunk)[417](index=417&type=chunk) - Failure to maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting could impair accurate and timely financial statements, harming operating results and stock value[418](index=418&type=chunk)[419](index=419&type=chunk) - No cash dividends are anticipated in the foreseeable future, making capital appreciation the sole source of gain for stockholders[420](index=420&type=chunk)[421](index=421&type=chunk) - The company may be subject to expensive securities litigation, diverting management attention and potentially harming the business[422](index=422&type=chunk)[423](index=423&type=chunk) [Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities](index=120&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Unregistered%20Sales%20of%20Equity%20Securities,%20Use%20of%20Proceeds%20and%20Issuer%20Purchases%20of%20Equity%20Securities) This section indicates that there were no unregistered sales of equity securities, use of proceeds, or issuer purchases of equity securities during the reporting period - No unregistered sales of equity securities, use of proceeds, or issuer purchases of equity securities occurred during the period[424](index=424&type=chunk) [Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities](index=120&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Defaults%20Upon%20Senior%20Securities) This section reports that there were no defaults upon senior securities during the period - No defaults upon senior securities were reported[425](index=425&type=chunk) [Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures](index=120&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Mine%20Safety%20Disclosures) This section states that mine safety disclosures are not applicable to the company - Mine safety disclosures are not applicable to the company[426](index=426&type=chunk) [Item 5. Other Information](index=120&type=section&id=Item%205.%20Other%20Information) This section confirms that no directors or officers informed the company of the adoption, modification, or termination of Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading agreements during the quarter - No directors or officers informed the company of the adoption, modification, or termination of Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading agreements during Q1 2025[427](index=427&type=chunk) [Item 6. Exhibits](index=121&type=section&id=Item%206.%20Exhibits) This section lists the exhibits filed or furnished as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including compensation policies and collaboration agreements - Exhibit 10.1: 2025 Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy[430](index=430&type=chunk) - Exhibit 10.2: License and Collaboration Agreement with Biogen International GmbH, dated February 14, 2025[430](index=430&type=chunk) - Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2: Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act[430](index=430&type=chunk) - Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2: Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act[430](index=430&type=chunk) - Exhibits 101.INS, 101.SCH, 104: Inline XBRL documents[430](index=430&type=chunk) [Signatures](index=122&type=section&id=Signatures) This section contains the signatures of the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, certifying the report - The report is signed by Ian F. Smith, Interim Chief Executive Officer, and Thomas E. Leggett, Chief Financial Officer, on May 13, 2025[436](index=436&type=chunk)

Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. (STOK) came out with quarterly earnings of $1.90 per share, beating the Zacks Consensus Estimate of a loss of $0.37 per share. This compares to loss of $0.57 per share a year ago. These figures are adjusted for non-recurring items.This quarterly report represents an earnings surprise of 613.51%. A quarter ago, it was expected that this company would post a loss of $0.51 per share when it actually produced a loss of $0.18, delivering a surprise of 64.71%.Over the last four quarters, ...

Financial Performance - Revenue recognized from the License and Collaboration Agreement with Biogen for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $152.4 million, compared to no revenue for the same period in 2024[7] - Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $112.9 million, or $1.90 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $26.4 million, or $0.57 per share for the same period in 2024[7] - Total revenue for the first quarter of 2025 was $158.6 million, compared to $4.2 million for the same period in 2024[16] Expenses - Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $32.7 million, compared to $22.4 million for the same period in 2024, including a one-time $8.2 million sublicense fee associated with the Biogen agreement[7] - General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $14.7 million, compared to $10.2 million for the same period in 2024[7] Cash Position - As of March 31, 2025, the company had $380.3 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, expected to fund operations beyond the second half of 2027 and into launch readiness projected for mid-2028[1] Collaboration with Biogen - The collaboration with Biogen includes an upfront payment of $165 million, with potential milestone payments of up to $385 million and tiered royalties on net sales[3] - The company retains exclusive rights for zorevunersen in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, while Biogen has exclusive commercialization rights for the rest of the world[3] Clinical Trials - The company plans to initiate the Phase 3 EMPEROR study in the second quarter of 2025, with an expected data readout in the second half of 2027[3] - The Phase 3 study will evaluate two loading doses of 70mg followed by two maintenance doses of 45mg over 52 weeks in children and adolescents with Dravet syndrome[4]

Wall Street expects a year-over-year increase in earnings on higher revenues when Stoke Therapeutics, Inc. (STOK) reports results for the quarter ended March 2025. While this widely-known consensus outlook is important in gauging the company's earnings picture, a powerful factor that could impact its near-term stock price is how the actual results compare to these estimates.The stock might move higher if these key numbers top expectations in the upcoming earnings report. On the other hand, if they miss, the ...