日产2024财年净亏损超300亿元，CEO警告需“背水一战”

Core Viewpoint - Nissan Motor Co. has reported a significant financial downturn, transitioning from profit to a comprehensive loss for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025, primarily due to foreign exchange fluctuations, increased material costs, and declining sales performance [1][4]. Financial Performance - For the fiscal year 2024, Nissan's global sales reached 3.346 million units, a nearly 3% decrease year-on-year [1]. - The company's consolidated net sales amounted to 12.6 trillion yen (approximately 612.61 billion RMB), reflecting a year-on-year decline of 0.4% [1]. - Operating profit was recorded at 69.8 billion yen (approximately 3.39 billion RMB), with the operating profit margin dropping to 0.6% [1]. - Nissan reported a net loss of 670.9 billion yen (approximately 32.62 billion RMB) for the fiscal year [1]. Market Challenges - The decline in sales in the Chinese market has been a significant factor contributing to Nissan's overall sales drop, with sales in the China region approximately 690,000 units, nearly halving from 1.13 million units three years ago [4]. - Compared to Toyota's profit decline of nearly 200 billion yen over two fiscal years, Nissan's profit fluctuation exceeding 1 trillion yen highlights the severe market pressures it faces beyond foreign exchange issues [4]. Strategic Adjustments - New CEO Ivan Espinosa has indicated that Nissan is at a critical juncture and has announced a new adjustment plan focusing on three key measures: cost reduction for breakeven, redefining product and market strategies, and strengthening partnerships [9][10]. - The cost reduction plan aims to achieve approximately 500 billion yen (around 24.39 billion RMB) in savings, with equal contributions from variable and fixed costs [10]. - Specific measures include closing factories and laying off 20,000 employees, with 65% of layoffs coming from manufacturing [10]. Market Strategy and Collaborations - Nissan plans to consolidate its production of pickup trucks from Argentina to Mexico and has restructured its operations in India with Renault [10]. - The company is considering integrating Chinese suppliers into its manufacturing ecosystem outside of China to enhance performance [11]. - Despite the challenges, Nissan continues to maintain collaborations in vehicle intelligence and electrification with Honda, while exploring new partnerships with other Japanese automakers to address the U.S. market's tariff uncertainties [11].