瑞银上调全球增长预测至2.7%，全球关税环境仍面临三大不确定因素

Group 1: Tariff and Economic Impact - UBS's Chief China Economist Wang Tao stated that US tariffs on China will remain high for an extended period, prompting the Chinese government to implement additional policies to support domestic consumption and infrastructure financing, estimated to be equivalent to 0.5% to 1% of GDP [1] - UBS raised its global economic growth forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% due to progress in US-China trade talks, although it anticipates a significant slowdown in US economic growth, projecting a decline from 2.5% to 0.9% by 2025 [2] - The economic loss for the US due to trade tariffs was initially estimated at 2.5% of GDP, equating to approximately $800 billion in tariff revenue, but has since improved to 1.5% of GDP following agreements to reduce tariffs [2] Group 2: Export and Manufacturing Trends - China's export data showed resilience in April, with a 20% decrease in exports to the US but a 20% increase in exports to ASEAN countries, indicating a shift in trade dynamics [4] - The manufacturing PMI in China fell to 49.0%, indicating a contraction, influenced by high previous growth rates and external environment changes, while non-manufacturing indices remained in the expansion zone [4] - Companies are facing uncertainty due to increased tariffs from the US on multiple countries, leading to potential delays in decision-making and a trend towards diversifying production locations based on target markets [5] Group 3: Structural Opportunities and Supply Chain Adjustments - Wang Tao emphasized that despite external challenges, China can create new structural opportunities through reforms, openness, and technological advancements, facilitating a transition from an export-driven to a consumption and investment-driven economy [6] - The global supply chain is undergoing reconfiguration, with some supply chains potentially moving away from China; however, China is expected to utilize policy tools to adapt to higher tariffs and external changes [6] - Hong Kong is positioned uniquely to assist companies in adjusting their overseas strategies, particularly in financing and services, as European and Middle Eastern markets gain importance for Chinese exports [5][6]