高铁之后，地铁涨价潮也来了？

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles is that a new wave of price increases for public utilities, including subways and high-speed rail, is occurring across various cities in China, driven by rising operational costs and insufficient revenue from ticket sales [1][4][8] - Cities like Chongqing and Kunming are adjusting their subway fares, with Chongqing ending its long-standing 2 yuan fare policy, indicating a shift in pricing mechanisms due to increasing operational costs [1][6] - The financial burden on subway systems is significant, with over 90% of cities unable to break even without government subsidies, which have exceeded 100 billion yuan across major cities [2][6] Group 2 - The operational costs of subway systems are high, and many cities are struggling to maintain profitability, with only 12 subway companies reporting net profits exceeding 100 million yuan [6][7] - The financial support from local governments is substantial, with Beijing alone providing 24.85 billion yuan in subsidies, yet many subway companies still operate at a loss after accounting for these subsidies [6][7] - The current economic climate, characterized by tight fiscal conditions and a downturn in the real estate market, complicates the sustainability of these subsidies, leading to increased fare adjustments [8][9] Group 3 - The average passenger flow intensity, a critical indicator of subway efficiency, is below national standards in many cities, with less than one-third meeting the required threshold of 0.7 million passengers per kilometer per day [10][14] - The expansion of subway systems has been closely tied to land sales and urban development, but the current economic situation has disrupted this cycle, leading to a reevaluation of new subway projects [9][15] - The tightening of regulations for new subway projects reflects a shift in focus towards financial viability, with stricter criteria based on GDP, fiscal revenue, and population density [15][18]