网信办约谈英伟达背后，美议员在操弄什么？

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government is intensifying its efforts to regulate the export of advanced chips to China, particularly through the proposed Chip Security Act, which mandates the inclusion of tracking mechanisms in chips to prevent unauthorized transfers and usage [2][3][8]. Group 1: Legislative Developments - The Chip Security Act is currently under discussion in the U.S. Congress, requiring companies like NVIDIA to embed location tracking modules in their chips [2]. - The Act aims to establish security mechanisms in exported chips to prevent unauthorized transfers, with specific provisions for location verification [2][4]. - The U.S. Department of Commerce is tasked with creating implementation guidelines within 180 days of the Act's passage, focusing on the feasibility of location verification technologies [2]. Group 2: Technological Mechanisms - The proposed tracking mechanism, referred to as "digital leashes," would allow for remote disabling of chips if illegal transfers are detected [4][5]. - A "security module" would be installed on AI chips to ensure they operate with authorized software and firmware, enabling remote verification and control [5]. - Current technologies for remote verification are already implemented in some CPUs and GPUs, suggesting a potential for easy adaptation to AI chips [5]. Group 3: Market Implications - The introduction of the Chip Security Act may negatively impact NVIDIA's business, as customers may be deterred by the perceived lack of privacy and control over their purchased chips [8]. - The Act could provide an opportunity for Chinese semiconductor companies, as they may not need to implement such tracking mechanisms, thus appealing to customers seeking trust and privacy [8][9]. - The scrutiny of NVIDIA's H20 chip security risks by Chinese authorities may further diminish its market share in China, aligning with China's push for domestic semiconductor alternatives [9].