司美格鲁肽上半年大卖，诺和诺德缘何全球裁员9000人？

Core Viewpoint - Novo Nordisk announced a transformation plan that includes a layoff of approximately 9,000 employees, representing about 11% of its total workforce, while also lowering its 2025 operating profit forecast by 6 percentage points, marking the third downward revision this year [1][7]. Group 1: Transformation Plan - The transformation plan aims to simplify the organizational structure, enhance decision-making speed, and refocus resources on growth opportunities in diabetes and obesity [2]. - The layoffs will affect all departments globally, with around 5,000 positions cut in Denmark, and are expected to save an average of 8 billion Danish kroner (approximately 8.93 billion yuan) annually by 2026 [2]. - The company plans to reinvest the savings into growth opportunities in obesity and diabetes, including commercialization and research projects [2][3]. Group 2: Financial Performance and Forecast - Novo Nordisk's star drug, semaglutide, generated sales of $16.683 billion in the first half of the year, making it the best-selling drug globally [1][4]. - The company has faced increasing competition in the diabetes and obesity markets, leading to a decline in its recent growth rates [3][5]. - The 2025 operating profit growth forecast has been revised down from an initial range of 10%-16% to 4%-10%, reflecting the impact of the restructuring and competitive pressures [7][8]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - Novo Nordisk's semaglutide faces significant competition, particularly from Eli Lilly's tirzepatide, which achieved sales of $14.734 billion in the first half of the year and has rapidly gained market share [5][6]. - In the Chinese market, semaglutide's sales approached 4 billion yuan, with multiple companies already applying for market entry as the original compound patent is set to expire in 2026 [6]. - The competitive landscape is intensifying, with several companies developing similar GLP-1 receptor agonists, posing a threat to Novo Nordisk's market position [6].