被狗咬了，一定得打疫苗吗？

Core Insights - In 2024, China reported 170 cases of rabies, a decline of over 95% from the historical peak, indicating significant progress in disease prevention [4] - Despite the decrease in rabies cases, the number of rabies vaccinations administered has increased sharply, highlighting a disparity between disease incidence and vaccination practices [5][6] - The high fatality rate of rabies, nearly 100%, and the lack of effective treatment drive the public's awareness and demand for vaccinations [6][9] Vaccination Statistics - China consumes over 80% of the global human rabies vaccine supply, with more than 50 million doses issued annually and over 10 million people vaccinated each year [2] - The market for rabies vaccines in China grew from 3 billion yuan in 2016 to 5.3 billion yuan in 2021, with projections to reach 10.1 billion yuan by 2026 [2] Vaccination Challenges - The vaccination process is complex, requiring 4 to 5 doses within a month, leading to high costs that can exceed 1,000 yuan for a complete course [13][15] - A study covering 2 million patients revealed that only 87% sought treatment within 24 hours after exposure, and only 72% received proper care, indicating gaps in vaccination adherence [10] Market Dynamics - The rabies vaccine market in China is becoming increasingly competitive, with 23 types of human rabies vaccines available and 19 more in clinical development [18] - Leading company Chengda Biologics has seen its market share decline from over 70% to less than 40% by 2024, as new entrants capture market share [20] Pricing Trends - The price of rabies vaccines has increased significantly, with newer generation vaccines costing over 300 yuan per dose, leading to a total cost of approximately 1,500 yuan for a complete vaccination course [15] - Recently, Hualan Vaccine reduced the price of its freeze-dried rabies vaccine to 127 yuan in Wuhan, marking a 38% decrease [22] Animal Vaccination Insights - The vaccination rates for pets remain low, with only 33.5% of dogs and 35.9% of cats receiving preventive care, indicating a need for improved vaccination strategies [33] - The current focus on human rabies vaccinations may lead to a neglect of animal vaccination, particularly among stray and free-roaming dogs, which are critical in the rabies transmission chain [36]