密歇根建厂失败国际化受阻 国轩高科“押注”固态电池赛道赌未来

Core Viewpoint - Guoxuan High-Tech is experiencing a modern version of "prosperity and crisis," with rapid revenue growth and ambitious global and technological plans, while facing significant setbacks in overseas strategies, weak core business profitability, and strong reliance on government subsidies [1]. Group 1: International Expansion Challenges - The company's ambitious internationalization efforts faced a major setback in the U.S. market, particularly with the $2.4 billion battery factory project in Michigan, which was intended to produce over 40 GWh annually and create 2,350 high-paying jobs, but ultimately failed due to geopolitical issues and local opposition [1][2]. - The Michigan Economic Development Corporation (MEDC) officially terminated the project in October 2025, canceling $175 million in tax incentives and requiring the company to return $23.6 million in land subsidies, marking a significant blow to its U.S. expansion plans [2]. Group 2: Financial Performance and Dependency on Subsidies - The company's Q3 2025 financial report showed a net profit of 2.533 billion yuan, a staggering increase of 514.35% year-on-year, with Q3 alone contributing 2.167 billion yuan, up 1,434.42% [3]. - However, the core business profitability is weak, with a non-recurring net profit of only 85 million yuan in the first three quarters, and just 12.57 million yuan in Q3, indicating a fragile main business [3][4]. - Government subsidies played a crucial role in supporting the company's operations, with 537 million yuan received in the first three quarters of 2025. Historical data shows a long-standing dependency on these subsidies, with over 4.88 billion yuan received from 2019 to mid-2025, despite the company facing cumulative losses exceeding 1.4 billion yuan during the same period [4]. Group 3: Technological Aspirations and Challenges - In response to weak core business performance and high debt, the company is promoting its "Jinshi" all-solid-state battery technology, claiming an energy density of 350 Wh/kg and aiming for mass production by 2027 [5]. - However, significant challenges remain for the commercialization of solid-state batteries, including cost barriers, with current costs being 4 to 10 times higher than traditional lithium batteries, and complex manufacturing processes that are still in the engineering challenge phase [5]. - The company received a 1.5 billion yuan special subsidy from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology for solid-state battery research and development, raising concerns about whether it is leveraging the narrative of a "solid-state battery revolution" to secure government and market resources to alleviate financial pressures [5][6].