83岁IBM前CEO郭士纳逝世，曾带领“蓝色巨人”绝境重生

Core Insights - Lou Gerstner, former Chairman and CEO of IBM, passed away at the age of 83, recognized for leading the company out of a bankruptcy crisis during his tenure from 1993 to 2002 [1][2] Group 1: Leadership and Impact - Gerstner implemented aggressive reforms, significantly cutting operational costs and selling non-core assets to stabilize IBM's finances [2] - He rejected proposals to split the company, advocating for maintaining its integrity while diversifying its business [2] - Gerstner transformed IBM's corporate culture by promoting direct communication with employees and focusing on customer needs, which included engaging with executives from 200 key clients [2][4] Group 2: Financial Performance - Under Gerstner's leadership, IBM returned to profitability in 1994, achieving a profit of $3 billion, and continued to grow thereafter [2] - By the time Gerstner stepped down in 2002, IBM's market value had surged from $29 billion to $168 billion, with a stock price increase of 800% [2] Group 3: Legacy - Gerstner authored the book "Who Says Elephants Can't Dance," which remains a classic in the field of management [2] - His educational background includes degrees from Dartmouth College and Harvard Business School, and he held significant positions at McKinsey & Company and American Express before joining IBM [4]