特朗普向全球发出通牒：180天内打破中国稀土垄断，不然就加税！

Core Viewpoint - The announcement by the White House emphasizes the urgency for global suppliers to establish new agreements with the U.S. to create a supply chain for critical minerals that excludes China, with a deadline of July 13 [1][3]. Group 1: U.S. Policy and Strategy - The U.S. aims to reduce its dependence on China for critical minerals, particularly rare earths, which are essential for advanced military and aerospace technologies [3][5]. - The announcement follows a meeting of G7 finance ministers discussing the need to decrease reliance on Chinese minerals, indicating a coordinated effort among allies [1][3]. - The U.S. is prepared to impose high tariffs and import quotas on countries that do not comply with the new supply agreements, signaling a hardline approach [1][3]. Group 2: Challenges and Limitations - The U.S. lacks the necessary processing capabilities for rare earths, which are crucial for creating a competitive supply chain, and this gap cannot be filled within the 180-day timeframe [3][5]. - Experts suggest that establishing a stable supply chain independent of China could take at least a decade, highlighting the unrealistic nature of the proposed timeline [3][5]. - The U.S. attempts to manipulate market conditions by setting price floors for rare earths, which may ultimately burden its allies with increased costs [5][7]. Group 3: International Reactions and Implications - European nations are expressing dissatisfaction with U.S. strategies, as evidenced by their continued collaboration on projects like the C919 aircraft, which competes with U.S. manufacturers [5][7]. - The geopolitical landscape is shifting, with Europe recognizing the risks of over-reliance on the U.S. and opting for deeper trade cooperation with China [5][7]. - The announcement is seen as a political maneuver ahead of midterm elections, rather than a viable industrial strategy, indicating potential long-term repercussions for U.S. foreign policy [7].