英国成AI就业冲击最严重国家

Core Insights - Morgan Stanley's research indicates that the UK is experiencing the highest net layoff rate due to AI among developed countries, reaching 8% over the past year, which is double the international average [1][2] - Despite achieving an average productivity increase of 11.5% through AI, UK companies are less likely to create new jobs compared to their US counterparts [1][2] - The current economic environment in the UK, characterized by rising wage costs, slow economic growth, and political instability, is exacerbating the impact of AI on employment [1][3] Employment Impact - The study highlights that UK companies have cut or refrained from filling about a quarter of positions due to AI, with a significant reduction in job vacancies for roles likely to be affected by AI, such as software developers and consultants [2][3] - Young workers in the UK are facing a dual pressure from AI disrupting entry-level white-collar jobs and tax policies affecting hiring in retail and hospitality sectors, leading to a youth unemployment rate of 13.7%, the highest since 2020 [3][4] Productivity vs. Employment - While AI has the potential to enhance the UK's economic growth by increasing productivity by up to 0.8 percentage points over the next decade, the immediate focus remains on the worsening employment crisis, particularly for young and white-collar workers [5][6] - Employers are most likely to reduce early career positions requiring two to five years of experience, indicating a shift in hiring practices due to AI [4][6]