高盛：美国关税对亚洲出口的初步影响 -分化态势

Investment Rating - The report indicates a divergence in export performance among Asian economies due to US tariff impacts, suggesting a cautious outlook for investments in the affected sectors [2][22]. Core Insights - The report highlights that US tariffs on imports from mainland China surged to over 100%, while tariffs on goods from other Asian economies remained below 20%, leading to significant disparities in export performance [3][4]. - China's exports to the US fell by approximately 20% month-on-month seasonally adjusted in April, while exports from Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam showed moderate gains despite an increase in their average effective tariffs [7][16]. - The emerging divergence in US-bound exports between China and other Asian countries warrants close monitoring, as it may reflect a reallocation of trade away from China due to tariff differentials [16][22]. Summary by Sections Trade Data Analysis - The analysis focuses on trade data from Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan, and mainland China, which collectively account for over half of the regional trade and have similar sectoral compositions [2][6]. - The report notes that while China's exports to the US plummeted, its exports to non-US destinations improved, indicating a trend towards export diversification [7][14]. Sectoral Performance - Exports of autos and metals from Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan to the US remained subdued due to sectoral tariffs, while electronics exports increased significantly, benefiting from temporary tariff exemptions [11][12]. - The report suggests that the sectoral composition of exports is skewed towards manufacturing goods, particularly in technology and textiles, while being underrepresented in energy and food sectors [6][11]. Future Outlook - The report projects that regional divergence in exports to the US will likely widen, estimating a 2% decline in overall regional exports to the US by 2025, primarily due to elevated tariffs on imports from China [22][24]. - In a risk scenario with no tariff relief, Asia's exports to the US could drop by 5% on average in 2025, mirroring declines seen during the Global Financial Crisis [22][24].