美联储9月议息会议点评：海外鸽派决策与鹰派发布会

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No specific industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Views of the Report - The FOMC resolution was in line with expectations, with a dovish tone focusing on employment risks. The Fed cut the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points in September 2025, the first rate cut of the year. The statement showed concerns about economic downside risks and employment, and there was internal disagreement mainly on the speed of rate cuts [2]. - The dot - plot indicated two more rate cuts this year, but Powell's speech at the press conference was hawkish. He emphasized data - driven decisions and that the current policy was not misaligned, and the exit of restrictive monetary policy remained uncertain [2]. - Powell's hawkish remarks reversed the initial market reaction. In the short term, the US Treasury yield curve may show a bull - steepening pattern, and the US dollar may remain weak. The Fed's rate cuts are beneficial to China's external environment, opening up space for aggregate monetary policies [3]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 What to Focus on in the Fed's Interest - Rate Meeting 3.1.1 FOMC Resolution Starts to Focus on Employment Downside Risks - The September 2025 FOMC resolution had three points of focus compared to July: adding descriptions about rising unemployment in the fundamental assessment, highlighting employment downside risks in the risk assessment, and only new Fed governor Milan voting against the resolution, preferring a 0.5 - percentage - point rate cut [7]. - The market's immediate reaction to the resolution was mild as it had almost fully priced in the rate cut before the meeting. The S&P 500 rose 0.19%, 2 - year and 10 - year US Treasury yields declined, gold prices rose, and the US dollar index weakened slightly [9]. 3.1.2 Dot - Plot Shows Two More Rate Cuts This Year - The Fed's September 2025 economic forecast showed a slight decrease in the risk of stagnation and an increase in the risk of inflation. GDP growth forecasts were raised, unemployment forecasts were slightly lowered, inflation forecasts were slightly raised, and the median federal funds rate for 2025 decreased, indicating two more rate cuts this year [11]. - The narrowing of the central tendency suggested that the Fed believed the predictability of the economy was increasing [12]. 3.1.3 Press Conference Speech Is Hawkish, Reinforcing the Fed's Data - Driven Inertia - Powell's speech at the press conference was hawkish. He emphasized the Fed's independence, stating that decisions were based on data and economic understanding, and individual influence was exerted through persuasion [19]. - He also emphasized that the current restrictive policy was still applicable, the rate cut was a result of risk balancing, and future decisions would be data - dependent [19]. - The market prices were affected by his hawkish remarks. The S&P 500 fell, US Treasury yields rose, gold prices dropped, and the US dollar index increased [20]. 3.2 How to View the Market - In the short term, the US Treasury yield curve may show a bull - steepening pattern. The market may further price in the remaining rate cuts this year, with the 2 - year US Treasury rate expected to fluctuate between 3.44% - 3.84% and the 10 - year rate between 3.9% - 4.3% [21]. - The US dollar index may remain weak, possibly falling below 96. The Fed's rate cuts, weak US economic data, and policy uncertainties contribute to this trend. The Fed's rate cuts are beneficial to China's external interest - rate environment, allowing for the possibility of aggregate monetary policies [23].