Photo by: Chad-Tremeau October 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ADMIRED IN THEORY, PUSHED OUT IN PRACTICE: CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN PURSUING WORK IN MALE-DOMINATED SECTORS IN GUINEA, CONAKRY Authors: Rachael Pierotti, Maria Emilia Cucagna, Isabel Pike, Mame Soukeye Mbaye1 KEY MESSAGES • Women business owners in Conakry, Republic of Guinea operating in maledominated sectors of the economy earn substantially more than women running businesses in sect ...

Policy Research Working Paper 10989 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized GDP-Employment Elasticities across Developing Economies Constantin Burgi Shoghik Hovhannisyan Camilo Mondragon-Velez International Finance Corporation December 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Policy Research Working Paper 10989 Abstract Economic growth is often associated with welfare gains through job creation. However, the number and quality of new job opportunities created in a gro ...

Investment Rating - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain 2030 bid received an average score of 4.2 out of 5, while the Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid for the Centenary Celebration received an average score of 3.6 out of 5 [41][42]. Core Insights - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain bid aims to unite people through football, emphasizing inclusivity and sustainability, and would be the first FIFA World Cup hosted across two continents [28][29][73]. - The Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid focuses on celebrating the tournament's historical roots and aims to deliver a memorable experience for fans [36][39][123]. Summary by Sections Executive Summaries - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain bid presents a strong proposition with high-quality venues across 17 host cities, including a mix of existing and modernized facilities [29][30][34]. - The Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid highlights the emotional connection to football and the capacity to host a significant Centenary Celebration [36][39]. Bidding Process Overview - The FIFA administration evaluated the bids based on technical requirements, infrastructure, and commercial potential, ensuring compliance with hosting standards [26][27][41]. Bid Evaluation Methodology - The evaluation included scoring systems for technical assessments, focusing on infrastructure, accommodation, and transport [4][60]. Individual Bid Evaluations - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain bid includes 20 stadiums, with significant refurbishment projects underway, and a strong commitment from governments at all levels [78][80][84]. - The Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid showcases existing infrastructure in Buenos Aires and ongoing modernization efforts in Montevideo and Asunción [38][39][40]. Risk Assessments - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain bid has a medium risk profile for stadiums due to extensive refurbishment, but strong planning and early construction mitigate this risk [30][83]. - The Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid also presents medium risks related to accommodation and infrastructure, which need further attention [54][39]. Technical Scoring - The Morocco/Portugal/Spain bid scored highly across various components, particularly in accommodation and transport, indicating a robust commercial position [64][97]. - The Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay bid scored lower, particularly in transport, highlighting areas for improvement [66].

McKinsey McKinsey on Lives & Legacies A bookselling titan, a computer pioneer, and a pathbreaking neurosurgeon Our November obituaries also include a visionary architect, a digital-arts innovator, and a Holocaust survivor whose story of tragedy and triumph became a New York Times bestseller. November 2024 Some people find their true calling early in life. Leonard Riggio, chairman of Barnes & Noble, found it when he was inspired to open his first bookshop. He went on to revolutionize the bookselling landscap ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report emphasizes the detrimental effects of stigma and discrimination on individuals with mental health conditions, exacerbating marginalization and reducing access to care, education, and employment opportunities [17][28] - A global survey indicated that 80% of respondents believe stigma and discrimination can be worse than the mental health condition itself [17][28] - Effective interventions to reduce stigma are based on social contact principles, which should be culturally adapted [17][22] - The report highlights the feasibility of scaling up anti-stigma programs at the national level, showcasing successful case studies from various countries [18][19] Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Stigma and discrimination violate basic human rights and have severe negative impacts on individuals with mental health conditions, leading to social exclusion and reduced access to essential services [17] - The report synthesizes over 260 systematic reviews on stigma reduction, focusing on effective interventions [17][18] Importance of Stigma and Discrimination - Stigma and discrimination adversely affect social inclusion, leading to loss of rights and poor healthcare quality [28] - A significant portion of individuals with mental health conditions experience barriers to full citizenship due to stigma [28] Defining Stigma and Discrimination - Stigma is defined as a deeply discrediting attribute that reduces individuals' perceived value, while discrimination refers to unfair treatment based on specific characteristics [31] Evidence on Reducing Stigma and Discrimination - The report reviews systematic interventions aimed at reducing stigma, highlighting the importance of community-based approaches and the involvement of individuals with lived experience [39][40] - Structural stigma can be addressed through effective policies and community engagement, although more research is needed on cultural sensitivity and effectiveness [42][44] Overview of Case Studies - The report includes case studies demonstrating successful anti-stigma programs across various cultural contexts, showcasing the adaptability of evidence-based principles [19][20] Conclusions and Recommendations - Long-term programs are essential for sustainable stigma reduction, with specific recommendations for funding, implementation, and evaluation of these initiatives [24][25] - The report stresses the need for cross-sectoral support and the active involvement of individuals with mental health conditions in program design and delivery [26]

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Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The report emphasizes the urgent need for ambitious action centered around data and digital infrastructure to improve soil health in Africa, which is critical for food security and agricultural productivity [10][11]. - It highlights that about 95% of the global food supply relies on healthy soils, yet nearly one-third of agricultural land is degraded, necessitating a focus on soil health to transform food systems into carbon sinks [11]. - The paper outlines five key recommendations aimed at enhancing soil health, food security, and agricultural productivity across seven African countries [12][13]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - The report discusses the critical role of healthy soils in food security and the need for collaboration and technology adoption to improve soil health at scale [10][11]. - It identifies the connection between soil health, food security, and agricultural yield gaps in Africa, emphasizing the importance of addressing these issues [11]. Challenges and Solutions - The report identifies soil erosion, fertility decline, and low soil organic carbon (SOC) levels as significant challenges affecting agricultural productivity in Africa [20][21]. - It notes that unsustainable land use practices and climate change exacerbate soil degradation, highlighting the need for sustainable land management practices [21][22]. Farmers' Knowledge of Soil Health - The report emphasizes the importance of understanding farmers' knowledge and perceptions regarding soil health, which is crucial for designing effective interventions [50]. - It presents findings from various countries, indicating that farmers recognize soil erosion and fertility decline as major issues, but often lack access to accurate soil data and tailored recommendations [53][55][59]. Proposed Ways Forward - The report proposes enhancing extension services, digitalizing agriculture, applying climate-smart interventions, reversing fertility decline, and developing high-value inputs as key strategies to improve soil health and agricultural productivity [12][13][14]. - It stresses the need for multistakeholder collaboration to implement these strategies effectively and ensure sustainable agricultural practices [12][14].

Industry Investment Rating - The report does not provide an explicit investment rating for the industry [1][2][3] Core Viewpoints - FIFA has introduced a new standard within the FIFA Quality Programme for Electronic Performance and Technology Standard (EPTS) called Broadcast EPTS, which aims to democratize football technologies by assessing supplier systems that generate player performance data using existing infrastructure such as broadcast footage and team-filmed footage [4] - The test protocol for Broadcast EPTS involves providing footage from an official professional match, with pitch dimensions surveyed using a total station, and capturing player movements with a reference system and professional broadcast system [5][6] - Suppliers will receive a secure link to download broadcast footage, pitch dimensions, and team sheets, and will have up to 24 hours to upload data for evaluation [7][8] - The reference system's accuracy is assessed using a three-dimensional motion capture system (VICON), with excellent agreement between VICON and the reference system demonstrated by a mean absolute error for speed of 0.04 m·s-1 and an RMSD for position of 0.15 m [11][16][18] - Data analysis processes include synchronizing reference system data with supplier data, aligning position data, and conducting statistical analysis to determine the level of agreement between the two data sources [24][29][30][31] Detailed Summary by Section Introduction - FIFA has launched the Broadcast EPTS standard to democratize football technologies by assessing supplier systems that generate player performance data using existing infrastructure [4] Test Protocol - FIFA will provide footage from an official professional match, with pitch dimensions surveyed using a total station [5] - The test area will consist of the full size of the pitch, capturing player movements with a reference system and professional broadcast system [6] - Suppliers will receive a secure link to download broadcast footage, pitch dimensions, and team sheets, and will have up to 24 hours to upload data [7][8] - Players will be tracked in all match activities within the pitch dimensions [9] Reference System - The accuracy of the reference system is assessed using a three-dimensional motion capture system (VICON), with excellent agreement demonstrated by a mean absolute error for speed of 0.04 m·s-1 and an RMSD for position of 0.15 m [11][16][18] - The reference system uses sixteen cameras running at 25 fps and 1936 x 1216 pixels, positioned as high as possible around the test area and synchronized to capture images at the same time [21][22] Data Analysis - Data analysis processes include synchronizing reference system data with supplier data, aligning position data, and conducting statistical analysis to determine the level of agreement between the two data sources [24][29][30][31] - Suppliers must provide data in .csv format, including specific data columns and using the FIFA EPTS Standard Data Format [27][28] - Statistical analysis will assess differences between supplier and reference system data for position and velocity, with pass or fail criteria based on tolerance thresholds for visible players [31] Available Camera Footage - The report provides an overview of available camera angles, types of player coverage, derived metrics, and limitations, including WORLD FEED, CAMERA 1 FEED, and DYNAMIC TACTICAL FEED [10]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Plastic pollution is recognized as a critical global environmental challenge, prompting international efforts to develop a legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, referred to as the 'Plastic Treaty' [18][29]. - The report identifies eleven key tools designed to assist national governments in planning actions to address plastic pollution, emphasizing the need for a structured approach to navigate the complexities of the issue [19][20]. - A systematic four-step process is proposed for action planning: conducting a baseline analysis, assessing potential solutions, determining financial needs, and implementing actions while monitoring impacts [22][40]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - The report highlights the global challenge of plastic pollution and the various tools developed to assess and implement solutions [18][19]. - It aims to support national governments in planning actions against plastic pollution by providing information on specific tools available for this purpose [20][30]. Introduction - The introduction outlines the establishment of an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to develop the Plastic Treaty and the need for various tools to assess and address plastic pollution [29][30]. - It emphasizes the importance of understanding the scale and nature of plastic pollution to inform effective decision-making [31][32]. Typical Steps for Action Planning - The report details a four-step framework for action planning: baseline analysis, solution assessment, financial needs determination, and implementation with monitoring [40][41][42]. - Each step requires consideration of various factors, including stakeholder engagement, institutional contexts, and the nature of plastic flows [37][39]. Tools to Conduct a Baseline Analysis - The report categorizes tools for baseline analysis into two main groups: assessing plastic flows and leakage, and understanding institutional and governance contexts [49][50]. - Key tools identified include the Hotspotting Tool, Material Flow Analysis Tool, and others that assist in understanding the current situation regarding plastic pollution [47][48][50]. Tools to Assess Potential Solutions - The report discusses tools that help prioritize impactful policies and measures to reduce plastic pollution, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive action plan [41][42]. - It highlights the importance of comparing different potential actions and setting appropriate targets as part of the action planning process [41][42]. Financial Needs and Implementation - The report stresses the necessity of determining financial needs and investment plans for implementing the action plan effectively [42][43]. - It notes that ongoing efforts are required to develop tools that assist in identifying financing sources and support the implementation stage [25][26].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the sustainable rice market, but it highlights significant investment opportunities in sustainable rice cultivation and financing [15][18]. Core Insights - The sustainable rice market is integral to global food systems, with rice being a staple for 3.5 billion people and contributing to about one-fifth of the global calorie supply [10][11]. - The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is actively exploring investment opportunities in the rice sector, focusing on sustainable practices and climate-smart agricultural methods [15][34]. - The Sustainable Rice Platform (SRP) aims to promote sustainable rice cultivation and has seen increasing market presence, although the current SRP-verified portion of the market remains small [24][27]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Rice is crucial for food security and livelihoods, with significant contributions to global calorie supply and greenhouse gas emissions [10][14]. - The report emphasizes the need for sustainable practices to reduce methane emissions and enhance resilience in rice farming [14][15]. Introduction - Rice is a vital staple food globally, with over 1.5 billion people relying on it for their livelihoods, primarily in Asia and the Pacific [12][35]. - The report outlines the importance of rice in the World Bank Group's Climate Change Action Plan, focusing on sustainable farming systems [33][34]. Rice Supply Chain - The rice supply chain includes production, collection, milling, processing, and distribution, with various sourcing models employed by millers [75][99]. - Commercial rice mills are characterized by vertical integration, controlling multiple stages of the supply chain from farming to retail [99][100]. Key Impacts of Rice Cultivation - Rice cultivation significantly impacts greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and water consumption, necessitating sustainable practices to mitigate these effects [14][36]. The Sustainable Rice Platform - The SRP Assurance Scheme was launched to verify compliance with sustainable rice standards, with a small but growing area under verification [21][24]. - The SRP has gained traction in the retail market, with verified rice labels available in multiple countries [27]. Selected Financing Opportunities for Sustainable Rice - Supplier finance is identified as a potential investment opportunity to promote climate-smart practices in the rice sector [18][19]. - The GTSF program offers short-term financing linked to environmental and social performance, encouraging sustainable practices among suppliers [19][20]. Conclusion - The report suggests that further support for the sustainable rice market can be achieved through the deployment of financing instruments and the development of new modules for climate finance [28][30].