Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry analyzed Core Insights - The interaction between credit guarantee and employment protection programs during crises, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is crucial for understanding their impact on firm indebtedness and risk [3][8] - The Chilean public credit guarantee program represents 4.6% of GDP, while the employment insurance program accounts for 0.62% of GDP, indicating a significant disparity in the scale of these interventions [9][24] - Riskier firms are more likely to obtain credit guarantee loans, while the employment program's uptake is not significantly associated with risk, suggesting different incentives for firms [11][12] - The coexistence of both programs helps mitigate the increase in firm indebtedness, as firms receiving employment benefits have less need for credit [12][17] - The aggregate expected loss from the credit program is estimated at 0.27% of GDP, with 41% absorbed by the government and 59% by the banking system [14][15] Summary by Sections Introduction - The report discusses how government interventions during economic crises aim to assist firms while balancing the risk of increasing overall indebtedness [7] Government Crisis Credit and Employment Programs - The Chilean government implemented two major programs to support firms during the pandemic: a public credit guarantee program and an employment protection program [24][25] - The credit program allows for significant liquidity access, while the employment program covers salaries for workers not currently employed [26][27] Credit Distribution Across Firms - The report analyzes the selection of firms into the credit and employment programs based on their risk profiles and sales growth [39] - A significant portion of firms, approximately 24%, utilized guaranteed loans by December 2020, indicating a robust uptake compared to other Latin American countries [28] Risk and Selection - The credit allocation is characterized by a shift towards riskier firms, with demand factors driving the expansion of indebtedness [13] - The report highlights that banks are more cautious in approving loans for riskier firms, indicating a balance between demand and supply in credit allocation [13] Aggregate Implications - The report concludes that the design of the credit program, including caps on credit amounts and interest rate ceilings, helps mitigate risks associated with lending to risky firms [18][19] - The findings suggest that the lessons learned from the Chilean experience could inform future credit and employment policy responses to crises [18]

blic Disclosure Authori | --- | --- | |-------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | | | Part II is the support to Part I: Priority Actions for a Car-Lite Future | | | GUIDE TO | isclosure Authoriz 2 Guide to Mobility for Livable Pacific Cities | Part II: Practitioners' Handbook to Implement the Priority Actions © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.w ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Policy Research Working Paper 10957 Designing Air Quality Measurement Systems in Data-Scarce Settings Bridget Hoffmann Sveta Milusheva Public Disclosure Authorized Development Economics Development Impact Group October 2024 Policy Research Working Paper 10957 Abstract While populations in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to some of the highest levels of air pollution and its consequences, the majority of econo ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Policy Research Working Paper 10956 Fading Away Informality by Development M. Nazım Tamkoç Public Disclosure Authorized Development Economics Global Indicators Group October 2024 Policy Research Working Paper 10956 Abstract This paper focuses on the role of development in informality through higher wages and expanded production possibilities. First, it uses informal, plant-level survey data across countries to document th ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Guide to Mobility for Livable Pacific Cities | Part I: Priority Actions for a Car-Lite Future1 Part I: is complemented by Part II: Practitioners' Handbook to Implement the Priority Actions MOBILITY FOR LIVABLE PACIFIC CITIES Priority Actions for a Car-Lite Future Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-47 ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Combating Heat in Cities Operationalizing the Urban Heat Agenda at the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Hyunji Lee, Jonathan Hasoloan, Hogeun Park, Terri B. Chapman, and José Siri Public Disclosure Authorized © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved This work is a product of the staff of The World ...

Investment Rating - The report indicates a strong positive sentiment towards generative AI, with 80% of organizations increasing their investment in 2023, and no organization decreasing its investment from the previous year [2][7]. Core Insights - Generative AI (Gen AI) is rapidly transforming organizational structures and processes, enhancing productivity and creativity while allowing employees to focus on complex strategic tasks [7][8]. - The adoption of Gen AI is fostering a culture of continuous learning and adaptability within organizations, necessitating significant changes in workforce skills and organizational structures to fully realize its potential [8][10]. - Ethical considerations and the need for strong governance frameworks are emphasized, as organizations must ensure responsible use of Gen AI to mitigate risks associated with bias and misuse [10][12]. Summary by Sections Adoption and Impact - Organizations across various industries are embedding Gen AI into their operations, leading to improved operational efficiency and enhanced customer experiences [2][7]. - Early adopters of Gen AI are witnessing substantial benefits, with a notable increase in investment levels across all organizational domains [2][7]. Workforce Transformation - Gen AI is expected to augment human capabilities, allowing workers to transition from repetitive tasks to more strategic roles that leverage creativity and relationship-building [7][8]. - The report highlights the importance of upskilling the workforce to adapt to the changes brought about by Gen AI, with a focus on self-learning and training programs [8][10]. Ethical and Governance Considerations - Organizations are urged to establish guidelines for the safe use of Gen AI, ensuring that outputs are validated to eliminate bias and uphold ethical standards [10][12]. - The report stresses the need for comprehensive safeguards and collaborative efforts from policymakers and organizations to ensure responsible use of Gen AI [12][30]. Technological Advancements - The rise of open-source and small language models is noted for their cost-effectiveness and minimal environmental impact, promoting innovation and collaboration [13][15]. - The report discusses the balance between generalized and specialized models, indicating a market for both types to address varying organizational needs [23][25]. Sustainability - The environmental implications of Gen AI are addressed, with organizations recognizing the need to balance the technology's potential against its impact on the planet [29][30]. - Strategies for mitigating environmental impact include optimizing data usage, developing energy-efficient models, and utilizing renewable energy sources [30][51].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report emphasizes the importance of integrating conflict-sensitive approaches in Country Climate and Development Reports (CCDRs) to address the interlinkages between climate change, natural resource management, and fragility in conflict-affected situations [7][9][10] - It highlights the need for a holistic approach to tackle the impacts of fragility, conflict, and violence, particularly in relation to natural resource access and climate variability [8][9] - The report identifies untapped opportunities for enhancing climate change initiatives by adopting conflict-sensitive strategies early in program development [9] Section Summaries Section I: Key Natural Resource Management Considerations for CCDR Development in FCS - This section outlines key priorities for CCDR development, focusing on the nexus of fragility, conflict, environment, and natural resource management [13] - It discusses the high dependence on natural resources in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS) and how this dependence can escalate tensions and conflicts [17][18] - The report provides examples of how CCDRs have incorporated the linkages between natural resources, climate change, and conflict dynamics [9][10] Chapter 1: Climate Change and Development - The chapter examines the relationship between natural resource dependency and vulnerability to climate and security risks, emphasizing the need to identify opportunities for mitigating risks [15] - It raises questions regarding the role of natural resources in national economies and the impacts of climate change on different population groups [15] Chapter 2: Country Climate Commitments, Policies, and Capacities - This chapter addresses the weak institutional capacity to manage climate change impacts on natural resources, highlighting the need for coherent climate-friendly policies [28][29] - It discusses the challenges posed by fragile institutional frameworks in implementing climate actions and the importance of mobilizing private sector investment [31] Chapter 3: Sectoral Deep Dives - The chapter summarizes risks and drivers associated with different sectors and natural resources, emphasizing the need for investments to avoid negative externalities that could exacerbate existing FCV dynamics [36] - It categorizes natural resources into non-renewable and renewable resources, discussing the conflict dynamics associated with each category [36][37] Conclusion and Recommendations - The report concludes with recommendations for integrating conflict-sensitive approaches in CCDRs to enhance resilience and address vulnerabilities in FCS [10][12]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the childcare services industry in Cambodia Core Insights - The report emphasizes the critical need for improved access to childcare services to enhance women's labor force participation and overall economic growth in Cambodia [15][16][22] - It highlights the significant gap in childcare coverage, particularly for children under three years old, where only 3.2% were utilizing services as of 2012/13 [17][45] - The Cambodian government has made legal and policy commitments to expand childcare services, but implementation gaps remain [18][22] Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Cambodia's economy has benefited from high female labor force participation at 74%, yet women face challenges in accessing formal employment due to unpaid care responsibilities [15][37] - The report identifies that improved access to childcare can alleviate time constraints and promote economic growth [16][19] Chapter 1: The Case for Childcare - Access to affordable childcare is linked to better labor market outcomes for women, enhancing family income and overall economic growth [32][34] - Women in Cambodia perform 90% of unpaid care work, significantly impacting their employment opportunities [37] Chapter 2: The Childcare Landscape in Cambodia - Approximately one-third of children aged three to five are enrolled in preschool, with a significant reliance on public and community-based services [43][44] - The report notes that formal childcare services for children under three are rare, with most care provided informally by family members [48] Chapter 3: The Supply—Service Types and Characteristics - The report discusses the characteristics of childcare services, including operating hours, caretaker qualifications, and challenges faced by childcare centers [20][22] - It highlights the lack of regulation and quality assurance mechanisms for childcare services, particularly for those serving children under three [20][22] Chapter 4: Demand for Childcare - Family demand for childcare is limited due to supply-side constraints, including insufficient operating hours and quality of services [21][22] - The report indicates that parents' willingness to pay for childcare is lower than the average costs, influenced by service quality and operating hours [21] Chapter 5: Recommendations - The report outlines policy priorities to improve childcare services, including expanding access, improving service quality, and addressing social perceptions of childcare [22][23] - Recommendations include developing a governance framework for childcare, enhancing workforce training, and increasing public awareness of the benefits of early childhood education [22][23]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The economy of Sri Lanka has stabilized, recording four quarters of growth after critical structural and policy reforms, but the recovery remains fragile and dependent on continued macroeconomic stability and successful debt restructuring [15][21] - GDP growth was robust at 5 percent year-on-year in the first half of 2024, driven by a rebound in the industrial sector and strong performance in tourism-related services [16][37] - The current account strengthened, driven by increased tourism receipts and remittances, contributing to an estimated balance of payments surplus [16][20] - Poverty remains high, with food insecurity widespread and labor force participation declining [17][21] Summary by Sections A. Macroeconomic Developments - The economy grew by 5 percent year-on-year in H1 2024, with external balances improving and inflation remaining in low single digits [16][18] - Fiscal balances strengthened with tax revenue increasing by 42.6 percent year-on-year in the first half of 2024, primarily due to higher VAT collection [17] - Despite economic growth, households face pressure from elevated poverty levels and declining health outcomes [17][18] B. Opening Up to the Future - Reviving exports is crucial for sustainable growth, with Sri Lanka's untapped export potential estimated at about US$10 billion annually [24][27] - The share of goods and services exports to GDP has been declining, reaching its lowest point of 15 percent in 2020, indicating a lack of diversification [25][27] - Structural reforms are necessary to enhance competitiveness and export orientation, including reducing tariffs and simplifying trade procedures [29][32] - Sri Lanka has opportunities to capitalize on shifts in global value chains due to geopolitical changes and supply chain disruptions [30][31]