“冬炒煤、夏炒电”失灵：电价跌停潮，风电成独苗？

Core Viewpoint - The traditional investment logic of "winter coal and summer electricity" is losing its effectiveness due to significant changes in the electricity market, including price declines and increased volatility in project revenues [3][15]. Group 1: Electricity Market Dynamics - The electricity market is undergoing a transformation with the implementation of the "New Energy Grid Price Marketization Reform Notice," which requires new energy to enter the market, ending the previous "guaranteed quantity and price" policy [3]. - In April 2025, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration announced plans to accelerate the construction of the electricity spot market, aiming for full coverage by the end of 2025 [4]. - The electricity trading prices in Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces have seen significant declines, with Jiangsu's price dropping by 22% from May 2025 [5][8]. Group 2: Price Trends and Supply-Demand Imbalance - The decline in electricity prices is attributed to a combination of oversupply in the electricity market and weak demand, particularly in industrial provinces like Guangdong [10][11]. - The falling coal prices have further reduced the marginal costs of thermal power generation, exacerbating the price drop in the electricity market [9][15]. - The average return of electricity indices in the second and third quarters has historically been around 8.2%, but recent performance has significantly lagged behind this average [16][17]. Group 3: ETF Performance and Valuation Concerns - The major electricity ETFs have underperformed, with the top five ETFs tracking the electricity sector showing average returns of -8.3% over the past year [18][19]. - The current low price-to-earnings (PE) ratios for the electricity indices (17.1 for the China Securities Index and 17.3 for the Green Electricity Index) indicate market pessimism regarding future profitability [22][25]. - Despite the low valuations suggesting a potential buying opportunity, they reflect a broader market concern about declining industry profits due to price pressures [25][26]. Group 4: Wind Power as an Investment Opportunity - The wind power sector has shown resilience, with the China Wind Power Industry Index increasing over 20% since late April 2025, outperforming other electricity indices [39]. - The competitive environment in the wind power industry has improved, leading to stabilized prices and increased installation capacity [44][45]. - Wind power companies, such as Goldwind Technology, have reported significant revenue and profit growth, indicating a positive outlook for the sector [46][47].