电池进入 “多元时代”

Core Viewpoint - The battery industry is transitioning into a multi-core era, focusing on user needs and enabling customization across various applications, including electric vehicles, buses, trucks, aircraft, and ships [1][2]. Group 1: Technological Diversity - The multi-core era represents the lithium battery industry's shift towards a diversified technological approach, with companies exploring multiple pathways such as sodium-ion and solid-state batteries [2][5]. - Recent innovations include CATL's sodium new battery and high-safety solid-state batteries with energy densities reaching 300Wh/kg, showcasing China's leading position in the lithium battery sector [5]. - Key performance indicators highlight China's advantages, with mass-produced battery systems achieving energy densities of 212Wh/kg and a cycle life exceeding 18,000 times [5][6]. Group 2: Application Diversity - The evolution towards multi-core technology reflects a deep resonance between technological supply and diverse application demands, with projections indicating that by 2030, China's new energy vehicle sales will reach 22 million units and lithium battery sales approximately 1,900GWh [7][8]. - The market is witnessing structural differentiation driven by high-voltage fast-charging technologies, leading to increased adoption of lithium iron phosphate batteries in mid-to-high-end vehicles [7]. - Emerging applications are experiencing breakthroughs, including eVTOL aircraft nearing certification, increased electrification in construction machinery, and advancements in battery technology for electric ships [8]. Group 3: Regional Diversity - The competition in the multi-core era has expanded globally, with companies like CATL and BYD accelerating overseas capacity expansion through local production bases in Hungary, Spain, and Thailand [9][10]. - China's global expansion strategy is characterized by clear planning, with expectations that by 2030, the overseas market share in key materials will continue to rise [10]. - The industry's globalization is complemented by a focus on technology output and standard-setting, with Chinese technologies being integrated into international automotive plans [10].