汽车芯片正在经历怎样的巨变？

Core Viewpoint - The automotive industry is undergoing a fundamental transformation, focusing on software-defined vehicles and the integration of artificial intelligence across various design and usage scenarios [2][3][15]. Group 1: Transition to Software-Defined Vehicles - The shift to software-defined vehicles is central to the automotive ecosystem, allowing for faster product launches and updates, ensuring compliance with new protocols and standards [2]. - Traditional hardware-defined methods are less flexible and more costly, putting conventional automakers at a competitive disadvantage [2]. - The adoption of continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) and DevOps practices is crucial for integrating complex systems within a virtual platform [3]. Group 2: Challenges and Innovations - Automakers face challenges related to in-vehicle cybersecurity, supply chain security, and compliance with market access regulations as they accelerate the transition to software-defined vehicles [3][4]. - The pursuit of higher levels of automation and digitalization of the cockpit is essential for enhancing user experience [3]. - The industry is moving towards centralized system management in electric vehicles, including efficient battery management systems [3]. Group 3: AI Integration - AI is expected to play a significant role in vehicle design and operation, with a focus on predicting AI performance and enhancing automated driving systems [6][9]. - The complexity of AI systems in vehicles necessitates high efficiency, especially for Level 5 autonomous vehicles, which may have over 40 sensors and billions of lines of code [6][9]. - AI is becoming a differentiating factor for automakers, with applications in user experience and safety features, such as driver monitoring systems [10]. Group 4: Market Dynamics and Supply Chain - The automotive industry is witnessing a shift towards tighter relationships between automakers and suppliers, with a trend towards vertical integration [16]. - Smaller SoC and AI accelerator companies are gaining opportunities as automakers seek to control their ecosystems more tightly [16]. - The industry is moving back towards a model where automakers dominate their ecosystems, reminiscent of the early days of vertical integration [16].