穿越财报迷雾，中国锂电正在走出全面衰退｜深度

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese lithium battery industry appears to be emerging from a recession, with a significant increase in revenue and positive growth in most segments [2][10]. Revenue Growth - In the first half of 2025, over 100 Chinese lithium battery companies reported a combined revenue of approximately 537.995 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 14.95%, a recovery from a 20.21% decline in the same period of 2024 [2][10]. - Among 15 sub-segments of the lithium battery industry, 12 experienced revenue growth, with 10 segments showing increases of over 10%. The fastest-growing segments were cobalt-nickel (67.88%), lithium battery copper/aluminum foil (37.22%), and anode materials (31.64%) [2][5]. Profitability Analysis - Despite revenue growth, the overall gross margin for Chinese lithium battery companies was approximately 18.24%, a decrease of 1.22% year-on-year. Eight sub-segments, including lithium resources and lithium battery separators, saw declines in profitability [5][6]. - There is a significant disparity in profitability among different sub-segments, with the lithium battery equipment sector's gross margin being 3.48 times that of the lithium copper/aluminum foil sector [6][8]. Market Conditions - The current market conditions remain challenging, with a global lithium-ion battery production capacity expected to reach 4,315 GWh in 2024, while the shipment volume is projected at 1,545 GWh, resulting in a capacity utilization rate of only 36% [10]. - By 2025, global lithium-ion battery production capacity is anticipated to grow to 5,732 GWh, with shipment volumes of 1,899.3 GWh and 5,127.3 GWh expected by 2030, indicating severe overcapacity in the lithium battery industry [10]. Price Trends - Following a peak in lithium carbonate prices in 2023, lithium battery prices have continued to decline due to falling costs and oversupply pressures. As of July 25, 2025, the prices for various battery types have dropped significantly compared to early 2023, with declines of 67% for lithium iron phosphate batteries and 64% for ternary battery cells [11][12].