荷兰半导体，最新版图

Core Insights - The article highlights that the Dutch semiconductor industry has maintained a leading position globally for decades, with a robust foundation dating back to the 1950s when Philips established a complete value chain from chip design to system integration [1] - The High Tech NL association's white paper reveals that the Netherlands still possesses a complete and diverse semiconductor ecosystem, concentrated in three main regions: Brainport in Eindhoven, Lifeport in Arnhem-Nijmegen, and Twente as the semiconductor hub [1] Value Chain Composition - The semiconductor value chain consists of several layers, starting from chip design, followed by front-end manufacturing (fabricating chips on wafers), back-end manufacturing (packaging, assembly, and testing), and finally, system integration [3] - The second layer includes industrial infrastructure activities necessary for chip production, such as equipment design and manufacturing [4] - The third layer provides supporting services and module supply for the upper layers, including design and testing services [4] - The foundational layer focuses on knowledge and research, emphasizing basic R&D in the semiconductor and production equipment fields [5] Geographic Distribution of the Semiconductor Ecosystem - A geographic distribution map of semiconductor institutions in the Netherlands shows three core hotspots: Eindhoven (focused on equipment manufacturing), Nijmegen (covering front-end and back-end chip production and equipment manufacturing), and Enschede (centered on chip design) [11][12] - The analysis indicates that Eindhoven and Enschede have distinct industrial focus characteristics, with Eindhoven emphasizing equipment manufacturing and Enschede focusing on chip design, while Nijmegen maintains a balanced development in semiconductor chip production and equipment manufacturing [24] Regional Analysis - The analysis of the North Brabant region (Eindhoven) shows a high concentration of equipment manufacturing and related services, with design, front-end manufacturing, and knowledge and research forming a complete ecosystem [17] - The Gelderland region (Nijmegen) exhibits a balanced industrial structure, encompassing chip design, front-end and back-end manufacturing, and equipment and system module supply [20] - The Overijssel region (Enschede) is characterized by a relatively high proportion of chip design and service/module supply activities [21] Provincial Distribution of Semiconductor Activities - The distribution of specific semiconductor activities across provinces indicates that most provinces have relevant research institutions in the knowledge and research field, with Gelderland and Overijssel being core areas for chip design [27] - North Brabant stands out in the service and module supply sector, while it is also the core hotspot for production equipment [27] - Front-end manufacturing is concentrated in Gelderland, while back-end manufacturing is primarily found in Gelderland and Overijssel, with system integration activities also based in these provinces [27]