台积电在美国，再建5座晶圆厂

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration is finalizing a trade agreement with Taiwan that aims to reduce tariffs on Taiwanese exports and encourage significant investments from Taiwan's largest chip manufacturer, TSMC, in the U.S. [1][2] Group 1: Trade Agreement Details - The agreement is expected to lower U.S. tariffs on Taiwanese goods to 15%, aligning with the tariff rates agreed upon with Japan and South Korea [1]. - TSMC has committed to building at least five additional semiconductor factories in Arizona, effectively doubling its presence in the state [1][2]. - The negotiations have been ongoing for several months and are currently undergoing legal review, with an announcement anticipated this month [1]. Group 2: TSMC's Investment Plans - TSMC has already established one factory in Arizona since 2020, with a second factory under construction set to begin operations in 2028, and plans for four more factories in the coming years [2]. - The total investment by TSMC in the U.S. is projected to reach $165 billion, including a previously announced $100 billion investment [5][6]. Group 3: U.S.-Taiwan Trade Relations - The trade negotiations have faced challenges, particularly regarding tariff disputes, with Taiwan's products currently subject to a 20% tariff on imports to the U.S. [2][3]. - The U.S. government has exempted semiconductors and many electronic products from tariffs under national security provisions [2][3]. - Taiwan's government has reached a broad consensus on the trade agreement, which includes tariff reductions and favorable treatment under Section 232 of U.S. trade law [3].