预亏超百亿，智飞做错了什么

Core Viewpoint - The leading domestic vaccine company, Zhifei Biological, has reported its worst performance forecast since its listing, with an expected net profit loss of between 10.698 billion to 13.726 billion yuan for 2025, marking a year-on-year decline of 630% to 780% [2][3]. Group 1: Performance Analysis - The company attributes its poor performance to disappointing sales of core products, primarily relying on agency products, which accounted for over 90% of revenue in 2023 and 2024 [8]. - The sales outlook for the HPV vaccine, which is the main source of agency revenue, is critical for Zhifei's performance in 2026 [10]. - The HPV vaccine market has become increasingly competitive with the entry of domestic products, leading to a significant drop in prices and sales volumes for Zhifei's HPV vaccines [12][14]. Group 2: Inventory and Financial Pressure - Zhifei's inventory has surged to 20.246 billion yuan in Q3 2025, a 125% increase from the end of 2023, raising concerns about potential asset impairment due to unsold stock [16]. - The company has signed high-value procurement agreements with Merck, leading to further financial strain as sales decline [16][31]. - A recent loan agreement for up to 10.2 billion yuan indicates that the company is facing liquidity pressures amid stagnant sales of core agency products [31]. Group 3: Self-Developed Products - Zhifei has four self-developed products expected to launch in 2026, including flu and rabies vaccines, but these are not classified as first-class applications and face intense market competition [22][25]. - The competitive landscape for flu and rabies vaccines is challenging, with significant price reductions already observed in the market [25][27]. - Despite the potential of the 15-valent pneumonia vaccine, the existing competition and pricing strategies from other companies may limit its market impact [29].