特斯拉Q4财报解读：灾难性的一季

Core Viewpoint - Tesla's recent quarterly earnings report slightly exceeded market expectations, but the actual operational data is underwhelming, leading analysts to conclude that Tesla currently lacks investment value [2][3]. Financial Performance - Revenue and profit metrics slightly surpassed market consensus, but the overall performance is disappointing, with a year-over-year revenue decline in Q4 [3]. - Q4 revenue dropped 11% year-over-year, with a more significant 17% decline quarter-over-quarter, primarily due to weak automotive sales [3][6]. - Adjusted EBITDA margin fell from 16.9% to 16.7%, indicating a continuous decline in profit margins [7]. - Q4 earnings per share (EPS) dropped 60% year-over-year under GAAP, and adjusted EPS fell 17% [7]. Cash Flow and Capital Expenditure - Operating cash flow for Q4 was $3.8 billion, down over 20% year-over-year, while free cash flow decreased by 30% to $1.4 billion [8]. - The projected annual free cash flow is between $5 billion and $6 billion, resulting in a historical free cash flow P/E ratio of approximately 250 times [8][10]. - Despite a year-over-year decrease in capital expenditures, free cash flow still declined, raising concerns about the sustainability of growth plans [9]. Market Position and Valuation - Tesla's automotive revenue is declining while the energy business, which grew 25% year-over-year, is too small to offset the automotive downturn [6][10]. - Analysts believe Tesla is significantly overvalued, with a historical free cash flow P/E ratio of 250 times and a P/E ratio of about 400 times based on the last 12 months' earnings [10]. - The company's future growth is heavily reliant on the autonomous taxi and robotics sectors, where it lags behind competitors like Waymo [10][11]. Analyst Sentiment - Analysts maintain a bearish outlook on Tesla, citing the struggles in its core automotive business and the lack of progress in its future ventures as reasons for skepticism [12].