Core Viewpoint - The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has granted orphan drug designation to AB8939 for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), indicating its potential significant benefit over existing therapies [1][2]. Group 1: Orphan Drug Designation - AB8939 previously received orphan drug designation from the US FDA, and the EU designation is a significant milestone, suggesting that it offers substantial benefits to AML patients [2]. - The criteria for orphan drug designation at EMA are stringent, requiring evidence of significant benefit compared to existing treatments [2][4]. Group 2: Efficacy and Safety Data - Preclinical data from mouse models show that AB8939 provides a significant benefit over current therapies like cytarabine, azacitidine, and venetoclax [3]. - Preliminary efficacy and safety data from Phase 1 trials indicate that AB8939 is effective as a monotherapy with different treatment cycles [3]. - AB8939 demonstrates efficacy against drug-resistant AML cells, with 45% of vincristine-resistant and 66% of cytarabine-resistant cells responding to treatment [4]. Group 3: Mechanism of Action - AB8939 is a synthetic molecule that targets cancer cells by destabilizing microtubules essential for cell division and inhibiting enzymes crucial for cancer stem cell survival [6]. - The chemical name of AB8939 is '1-{4-[2-(5-ethoxymethyl-2-methylphenylamino)-oxazol-5-yl]phenyl}imidazolidin-2-one' [6]. Group 4: Benefits of Orphan Drug Designation - Orphan drug designation in the EU provides various benefits, including scientific advice on product development, access to centralized marketing authorization, and potential financial incentives [8]. - If approved, AB8939 will enjoy 10 years of marketing exclusivity from the date of registration, provided the orphan designation remains valid [8].

Core Insights - Scilex Holding Company has received FDA approval for Orphan drug designation for colchicine to treat pericarditis, enhancing its portfolio in non-opioid pain management products [1][3]. Company Overview - Scilex Holding Company focuses on acquiring, developing, and commercializing non-opioid pain management products for acute and chronic pain, with a commitment to improving patient outcomes [5][10]. - The company is headquartered in Palo Alto, California [9][11]. Product Portfolio - Scilex's commercial products include: - ZTlido (lidocaine topical system) 1.8% for neuropathic pain relief [5][7]. - ELYXYB, an oral solution for acute migraine treatment [5][7]. - Gloperba, the first liquid oral version of colchicine for gout flare prophylaxis [6][7]. - The company has three product candidates in development: - SP-102 (SEMDEXA™), a viscous gel for epidural injections targeting lumbosacral radicular pain, which has completed Phase 3 studies [8]. - SP-103, a next-generation lidocaine topical system for acute pain, recently completing Phase 2 trials [8]. - SP-104, a low-dose naltrexone hydrochloride for fibromyalgia treatment [8]. Regulatory Insights - The Orphan Drug Act allows the FDA to grant orphan designation to drugs intended for rare diseases, which can lead to seven years of market exclusivity upon first approval [3].

Core Insights - The U.S. FDA granted orphan drug designation to Sanofi SA's rilzabrutinib for two rare diseases: warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) and IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) [1] - Rilzabrutinib is under regulatory review in the US, EU, and China for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) [2] - The FDA's target action date for the regulatory decision on ITP is August 29, and rilzabrutinib has also received orphan drug designation for ITP in the US, EU, and Japan [3] Clinical Study Results - Phase 2b study results for wAIHA presented at ASH 2024 indicated that rilzabrutinib treatment led to clinically meaningful outcomes in response rate and disease markers [3] - In a phase 2a study for IgG4-RD, rilzabrutinib treatment over 52 weeks resulted in reduced disease flare and other disease markers, along with glucocorticoid sparing [4] - The safety profile of rilzabrutinib in both studies was consistent with previous studies [4] Recent Developments - The FDA recently approved Sanofi's Qfitlia (fitusiran), the first antithrombin-lowering therapy for hemophilia A or B, based on data from the ATLAS phase 3 studies [5] - Sanofi's stock increased by 3.54% to $55.86 during the premarket session following these developments [6]

Core Insights - The FDA has granted orphan drug designation to rilzabrutinib for two rare diseases, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) and IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which currently have no approved treatments [1][2] - Rilzabrutinib is also under regulatory review for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in the US, EU, and China, with a target action date for FDA decision set for August 29, 2025 [2][8] Rilzabrutinib Overview - Rilzabrutinib is an investigational, oral, reversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, showing potential as a first- and best-in-class treatment for several immune-mediated diseases [5] - The drug utilizes Sanofi's TAILORED COVALENCY® technology to selectively inhibit BTK, potentially minimizing off-target side effects [5] Clinical Data - A phase 2b study on wAIHA indicated that rilzabrutinib treatment resulted in clinically meaningful outcomes regarding response rates and disease markers [3] - In a phase 2a study for IgG4-RD, rilzabrutinib treatment over 52 weeks led to a reduction in disease flare and other disease markers, along with glucocorticoid sparing [4] Disease Background - wAIHA affects 1 to 3 individuals per 100,000 in the US annually and is characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells, leading to severe fatigue and other symptoms [6] - IgG4-RD affects approximately 8 out of 100,000 adult patients in the US each year and is a chronic condition that can cause organ damage and dysfunction [7]

Core Insights - Pharvaris has received orphan designation from the European Commission for its investigational drug, deucrictibant, aimed at treating bradykinin-mediated angioedema [1][3] - The U.S. FDA had previously granted orphan drug designation to deucrictibant in March 2022 [2] - The company is currently executing a Phase 3 development program to evaluate the efficacy and safety of deucrictibant in hereditary angioedema (HAE) [3][5] Company Overview - Pharvaris is a late-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing oral bradykinin B2 receptor antagonists to address bradykinin-mediated diseases [1][5] - The company aims to provide injectable-like efficacy with the convenience of oral therapy for preventing and treating angioedema attacks [5] - Deucrictibant is being developed in two formulations: an extended-release tablet for sustained absorption and an immediate-release capsule for rapid onset of action [4] Clinical Development - Pharvaris is conducting pivotal Phase 3 studies for both the prevention of HAE attacks (CHAPTER-3) and the on-demand treatment of HAE attacks (RAPIDe-3) [5] - The company is also in discussions with regulators regarding a pivotal trial for acquired angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (AAE-C1INH) [3]

Core Viewpoint - Palatin Technologies, Inc. has received FDA orphan drug designation for PL7737, an oral treatment for leptin receptor deficiency-related obesity, which could offer a more convenient option compared to the current injectable treatment [1][2]. Company Overview - Palatin Technologies is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing first-in-class medicines that modulate the melanocortin receptor system, targeting diseases with significant unmet medical needs [6]. - The company is exploring PL7737 for hypothalamic obesity and plans to initiate a Phase 1 study in late 2025 [2]. Clinical Development - The FDA orphan drug designation is a significant milestone for Palatin's MC4R receptor agonists aimed at rare obesity conditions [2]. - Palatin has completed statistical analysis for its Phase 2 clinical studies involving MC4R bremelanotide and GLP-1/GIP tirzepatide for obesity, as well as PL8177 for ulcerative colitis, with topline data expected to be released soon [2]. Mechanism of Action - PL7737 acts as an MC4R agonist, designed to restore impaired signaling due to genetic mutations in the LEPR gene, which is crucial for regulating hunger and body weight [2][4]. - The melanocortin receptor system plays a vital role in various physiological processes, including metabolism and food intake, making it a promising target for obesity treatments [5]. Regulatory Insights - The FDA's orphan drug designation provides several incentives, including tax credits for clinical trials, exemption from user fees, and potential market exclusivity for seven years post-approval [7].

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2023. Registration No. 333-273375 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ____________________ Amendment No. 1 FORM F-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 NeuroSense Therapeutics Ltd. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) ____________________ Not Applicable (Translation of Registrant's name into English) | State of Israel | 2834 | Not Applicable | | --- | --- | --- | | (St ...