（Reuters） 江苏省的工厂 日本经济新闻（中文版：日经中文网）盐崎健太郎 北京报道 4月30日，中国国家统计局公布的4月份制造业采购经理人指数（PMI）为49.0。比上月下降1.5个 百分点，时隔2个月跌破50这一好坏临界点。由于美国对中国加征关税，生产指数和订单指数低 迷。 版权声明：日本经济新闻社版权所有，未经授权不得转载或部分复制，违者必究。 PMI以3200家制造业企业为调查对象。按照项目调查新订单、生产、员工人数等。指数超过50表 明景气度比上月扩大，指数低于50则表示景气度缩小。 作为支柱的新订单指数比上月下降2.6个百分点至49.2，时隔2个月跌破50。生产指数也下降2.8 个百分点至49.8，时隔2个月跌破50。 按企业规模来看，大企业的指数比上月下降2.0个百分点至49.2，低于50。中型企业和以民营企 业为主的小微企业也均低于50。关税的影响似乎已扩大到广泛的企业。 海外新订单指数下降4.3个百分点至44.7，低于50。创下2022年12月疫情期间经济活动停滞以来 的新低。 海外新订单指数下降4.3个百分点至44.7，低于50。创下2022年12月疫情期间以来的新低…… 与此同时发布 ...

Core Viewpoint - Japanese automotive companies, including Toyota, are experiencing a decline in operating profits for the October to December 2024 period, marking a shift from profit growth to a decline, which has occurred five times in the past decade [1] Group 1: Industry Performance - The Japan Machine Tool Builders' Association reported that the total value of machine tool orders in February was 118.2 billion yen, a 4% increase year-on-year, marking five consecutive months of growth [1] - Overseas orders accounted for 70% of the total, amounting to 84.4 billion yen, with a 3% increase. Orders from Asia reached 41.1 billion yen, a 13% increase, maintaining growth for 11 consecutive months [1] - In Asia, China contributed 26.6 billion yen with a 17% increase, while India accounted for 5.3 billion yen, growing by 4% [1] Group 2: Regional Insights - North American orders slightly increased to 25.7 billion yen, driven by significant orders in the aerospace and shipbuilding sectors [2] - European orders fell by 10% to 15.4 billion yen, with Germany and Italy experiencing over a year of continuous decline [2] - Domestic orders in Japan grew by 4% to 33.7 billion yen, marking four consecutive months of growth, with notable increases in aerospace, shipbuilding, and transport machinery [2] Group 3: Future Outlook - The Japan Machine Tool Builders' Association conducted a survey regarding order expectations for April to June, revealing an index of -4.1, an improvement from -8.2 in the previous quarter [2] - The association's president expressed optimism for increased investments in the automotive and semiconductor sectors in the second half of the year [2]