Group 1 - The relationship between intellectual property (IP) protection and technological innovation is complex and non-linear, requiring a balanced approach that considers industry diversity and economic development stages [1][3] - The U.S. faces significant costs related to patent litigation, amounting to $30 billion annually, which do not translate into increased R&D investment [2] - The U.S., EU, and Japan dominate global IP exports, accounting for approximately 84% of the total, with the U.S. alone representing about 45% of global IP exports [3] Group 2 - The U.S. government plays a crucial role in public knowledge creation and technological innovation, having invested over $5 trillion in R&D over the past 70 years [4] - China is encouraged to develop an IP system that emphasizes development orientation, balancing IP protection with technological diffusion [5] - Policies should prevent market power abuse and ensure a balance between the interests of IP creators and public access, especially in critical industries [6]