Core Viewpoint - The article discusses how China actively participated in shaping globalization through historical trade practices, particularly during the 16th and 17th centuries, highlighting the significance of the "silk and silver flow" trade system between China and Western countries [1][4]. Group 1: Historical Trade Dynamics - The "silk and silver flow" refers to the trade relationship between China and Western nations during the 16th and 17th centuries, where Chinese silk and porcelain were exchanged for silver from the Americas [1]. - Fujian merchants played a crucial role in establishing trade routes to Manila, which became a hub for global trade, attracting ships from various regions and significantly increasing global trade volume [5][7]. - The trade activities of Fujian merchants in Manila connected the region closely with China's southeastern coast, despite the lack of official trade agreements between Spain and the Ming Dynasty [7][11]. Group 2: Economic and Cultural Impact - The international trade of precious metals and luxury goods intensified competition among European powers, leading to a shift in global economic dynamics, with Spain and Portugal losing dominance to emerging powers like the Netherlands and England [11]. - The cross-cultural trade during this period not only involved economic interests but also required an understanding of diverse cultural characteristics, fostering unprecedented cultural exchanges across the globe [11]. - The article emphasizes that the trade practices of the time laid the groundwork for China's eventual return to a central economic position in the global landscape, as evidenced by its historical significance in the 18th century [12][13]. Group 3: Modern Implications - Since the reform and opening-up, China has emerged as a significant player in globalization, with its integration into the global economy becoming increasingly diverse and impactful [13]. - The principle of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation is highlighted as a key factor for China's role in supporting regions excluded from the global value chain [13].