Core Viewpoint - The interview highlights the significance of the recently discovered Tang Dynasty painted horses in Turpan as a key archaeological evidence of the cultural exchange between the Central Plains and the Western Regions of China, showcasing the integration of diverse cultural elements over centuries [3][7][12]. Group 1: Cultural Significance of Horses - In Chinese culture, horses symbolize loyalty, bravery, and progress, often associated with national destiny and military strength [4][5]. - In Western culture, horses represent freedom, heroism, and noble honor, particularly in medieval Europe where they were linked to knightly virtues [4]. - Despite cultural differences, both Eastern and Western traditions attribute similar values to horses, such as strength, speed, and reliability [4]. Group 2: Historical Development of Horse Culture - The exchange of horse culture between the Central Plains and the Western Regions dates back to the pre-Qin period, with records indicating the tribute of fine horses [9]. - During the Han Dynasty, significant horse breeds were introduced from the Western Regions, enhancing military and transportation capabilities in China [9][10]. - The Tang Dynasty marked a peak in this cultural exchange, with the flourishing of trade and the introduction of Western musical and artistic elements into the Central Plains [10]. Group 3: Archaeological Evidence - The Tang Dynasty painted horses discovered in Turpan are unique for their blend of Western mineral pigments and Central Plains painting techniques, symbolizing cultural fusion [7][9]. - These horses reflect the artistic traditions of both regions, serving as a direct archaeological testament to the cultural interactions during the Tang Dynasty [7][9]. Group 4: Modern Implications - The evolution of horse culture in Xinjiang serves as a microcosm of the broader narrative of cultural integration within China, illustrating the interconnectedness of various ethnic cultures [12][14]. - Contemporary events like the Zhaosu Tianma Festival highlight the ongoing significance of horse culture as a medium for ethnic unity and cultural exchange [12][14].