Core Perspective - Guangzhou is implementing a coastal and marine spatial planning strategy aimed at establishing itself as a "marine innovation development capital" and a modern city with marine characteristics by 2035, with a focus on ecological protection and economic development [2][15]. Spatial Layout - The planning introduces a spatial structure termed "One Belt, Three Zones, and String of Pearls," which includes a marine economic innovation development belt and three differentiated urban zones based on their unique attributes [4][6]. - The total planning area covers 798 square kilometers, with 385 square kilometers of marine area and 413 square kilometers of land area [4]. Industry Space Reconstruction - The coastal area has developed three major industry clusters: marine transportation, high-end shipbuilding, and coastal tourism, contributing to a marine production value of 497.9 billion yuan, accounting for 25% of the province's total [6][15]. - The planning emphasizes upgrading existing industries and fostering emerging sectors such as modern marine fisheries and marine new energy [6][8]. Ecological Protection Innovation - The planning introduces a "coastline retreat line" system to balance development and ecological protection, categorizing coastline areas into strict protection, limited development, and optimized utilization [9][10]. - Approximately 36.29% of the marine area is designated as ecological protection zones, with a focus on sustainable management of marine resources [9][15]. Regional Collaborative Strategy - The planning aims to enhance collaboration within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, focusing on building a world-class port cluster and improving transportation infrastructure [12][14]. - Specific areas within the Nansha region are designated for technology innovation, international tourism, and marine scientific research, highlighting its strategic importance [8][12]. Urban Evaluation - The planning reflects a strong ambition for economic development while prioritizing ecological sustainability, with innovative measures such as differentiated management of 14 islands and a strategic reserve for future industrial development [15][16]. - The successful implementation of this planning will require addressing challenges such as resource integration among industrial clusters and disaster risk management along the optimized utilization coastline [16].