Core Insights - The latest population report from the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies indicates a significant demographic shift in France, with the number of births expected to fall below the number of deaths in 2025, marking the first natural population decline since the end of World War II [1] - Despite the negative natural growth, the life expectancy of French residents continues to rise, with women expected to live an average of 85.9 years and men 80.3 years in 2025, both figures exceeding the EU average [1] Summary by Categories Population Trends - In 2025, France will experience a natural population decline for the first time since World War II, as the number of births will be lower than the number of deaths [1] Life Expectancy - The average life expectancy in France is projected to increase, with women reaching 85.9 years and men 80.3 years in 2025, surpassing the average life expectancy in the European Union [1]

Core Viewpoint - France is projected to experience a natural population decline in 2025, with births falling below deaths for the first time since World War II [1] Population Statistics - The number of newborns in France for 2025 is estimated at 645,000, a decrease of 2.1% compared to 2024 [1] - The total fertility rate in France has dropped to 1.56, matching levels last seen in 1918 [1] - The decline in birth rates is primarily attributed to a decrease in fertility rates among women under 35 [1] Mortality Rates - The number of deaths in France is expected to rise to 651,000 in 2025, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 1.5% due to seasonal diseases like influenza [1] Life Expectancy - Despite the natural population decline, life expectancy in France continues to rise, with women expected to live an average of 85.9 years and men 80.3 years in 2025, both above the EU average [1] Immigration Impact - The net immigration figure for France in 2025 is estimated at 176,000, which will contribute to a slight overall population increase of 0.25%, bringing the total population to approximately 69.1 million by January 1, 2026 [1] - The domestic population is projected to be 66.8 million, while the population in overseas territories is estimated at 2.3 million [1]

Core Insights - Italy's population is projected to decline significantly over the coming decades, with a potential reduction of nearly one-fourth by 2080 [1] - The southern regions of Italy are expected to experience the most severe population loss [1] Population Projections - Current population is approximately 59 million, expected to decrease to 54.7 million by 2050 and further to 45.8 million by 2080, representing a decrease of about 22% from current levels [1] - The natural population decline has persisted for over 15 years, with immigration only partially alleviating the trend [1] Age Structure Changes - By 2050, the proportion of the population aged 65 and older is projected to rise from 24.3% to 34.6% [1] - The working-age population (ages 15 to 64) is expected to decrease from 63.5% to 54.3% [1] - The proportion of the population under 14 years old will slightly decline to 11.2% [1] Geographic Distribution of Population Decline - The southern regions are forecasted to lose approximately 3.4 million people by 2050 and a cumulative loss of 7.9 million by 2080 due to youth outmigration and insufficient economic vitality [1] - The northern regions may see slight growth until 2030, after which they will also enter a decline phase [1]