Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a significant breakthrough in optical fiber technology, achieving data transmission speeds of 1.02 petabits per second over a distance of 1,808 kilometers using a new 19-core fiber design, which integrates seamlessly into existing infrastructure [1][5][7]. Group 1: Technological Breakthrough - The new 19-core optical fiber allows for data transmission at a speed of 1.02 petabits per second, sufficient to download every movie on Netflix over 30 times [1]. - This fiber design reduces signal loss by 40% compared to previous models, enabling efficient operation in the C and L wavelength bands [1][5]. - The fiber's structure acts as a "19-lane highway," with each core serving as an independent data channel [1][5]. Group 2: Experimental Achievements - The experiment involved a complex loop system where signals were transmitted 21 times over an 86.1-kilometer fiber line, simulating transcontinental connections [2][3]. - The previous record for data transmission was 0.319 petabits per second over 3,001 kilometers, highlighting the significant improvement with the new fiber [2]. Group 3: Future Implications - The technology aims to support the anticipated doubling of global data traffic by 2030, providing a feasible path towards petabit-level networks [7]. - Researchers are exploring AI-driven signal processing to further enhance transmission speeds, positioning optical fiber as a backbone for future internet infrastructure [8].